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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

Assess the educational system in early India and identify important educational institutions of the period.

  • UPSC 2012
  • Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas

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Education in early India developed along two parallel, occasionally intersecting tracks: an older Brahmanical system rooted in the individual guru-shishya relationship and oral transmission of the Vedas, and a later institutionalized monastic system built around Buddhist viharas that matured, by the Gupta and post-Gupta centuries, into residential universities of genuinely international standing. Assessing the system…

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What the full answer covers

  • The Brahmanical Tradition and Taxila
  • The Rise of Monastic Universities: Nalanda
  • Other Institutions: Vallabhi, Vikramshila and the Pala Network
  • Assessment
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