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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

Analyse the main contours of Non-Brahmin Movements in Western and South India in the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth centuries.

  • UPSC 1991
  • Rise of Gandhi and the Gandhian Era

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Spanning nearly a century, the Non-Brahmin Movements of western and south India evolved from scattered social critique in the 1870s into organised political parties commanding provincial government by the 1920s — a trajectory that moved through distinct phases of ideological formation, institutional consolidation and political radicalisation.

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What the full answer covers

  • Phase One: Ideological Foundations (1870s-1900)
  • Phase Two: Princely Patronage and Institutional Consolidation (1900s-1916)
  • Phase Three: Political Party Formation in Madras (1916-1920s)
  • Phase Four: Radicalisation — The Self-Respect Movement (1925 onward)
  • Common Threads Across the Century
  • Conclusion
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