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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Analyse the dynamics of industrial location in the metropolitan cities of India.

  • UPSC 2020
  • Economic Geography

Industrial location dynamics denote the shifting equilibrium between forces pulling manufacturing into the metropolitan core and those pushing it outward — a moving pattern, not a fixed roster of industrial centres.

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What the full answer covers

  • Phase I: Colonial Port Primacy and Core Concentration (1850s–1950s)
  • Phase II: Planned Dispersal under the Licensing Regime (1956–1990)
  • Phase III: Post-1991 Centrifugal Forces
  • Corridor Peri-urbanisation and the Compositional Shift

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