History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer
“Although the Government of India Act of 1935 replaced dyarchy with Provincial Autonomy, the overriding powers of the Governor diluted the spirit autonomy.” Elucidate.
- UPSC 2015
- Constitutional Developments in Colonial India, 1858-1935
The Government of India Act, 1935 abolished dyarchy in the provinces and, on paper, handed Indian ministers responsibility over the entire provincial administration — yet the same Act armed the Governor with reserve powers extensive enough to make that responsibility conditional rather than real.
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What the full answer covers
- The Genuine Advance Provincial Autonomy Represented
- The Governor's "Special Responsibilities": The Real Limit on Autonomy
- The Emergency Power: Section 93 and Direct Rule
- Reading the Balance: Patronage in Practice, Paternalism in Reserve
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