Unlock Elite Access: Level Up Your Preparation with Exclusive Content

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Affirmative action policies draws as much strong criticism as strong support. Analyze this statement in the context of equality.

  • UPSC 2023
  • 15 marks
  • Equality and Liberty

Unlock the full answer · ₹1,770 ↓

Affirmative action — a phrase from John F. Kennedy's Executive Order 10925 (1961) — means preferential measures for historically excluded groups in education, employment, public contracts and legislatures. It polarises because both camps argue from equality: supporters from substantive, group-sensitive equality, critics from formal, individual equality.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Why it draws strong support
  • Why it draws strong criticism
  • Evaluation: the debate in practice
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

Unlock this answer and 1,393 more

  • 1,394 solved UPSC PSIR PYQs from 1991 to 2026, Paper-1 and Paper-2
  • Topic-wise across all 40 syllabus units
  • A full model answer for every question
  • Read online on lotusarise.com, plus PDF download
  • 500 days of access from the day you enrol

₹1,770₹5,00064% off

Get PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions @ ₹1,770 →

One-time payment · No subscription · Instant access · UPI, cards, RuPay

See every Equality and Liberty question (24 solved) →Already enrolled? Log in