• Geo-heritage refers to the geological features which are inherently or culturally significant offering insight to earth’s evolution or history to earth science or that can be utilized for education.
  • Geological Survey of India (GSI) is the parent body which is making efforts towards identification and protection of Geological Heritage Sites/national geological monuments in the country.
  • There are 34 Geological Heritage Sites in India.

List of Geological Heritage Sites in India

StateName of the SiteLocation
Andhra PradeshVolcanogenic bedded BarytesMangampeta, Cuddapah Dist
Andhra PradeshEparchaean UnconformityNamalagundu, Anantapur District
Andhra PradeshNatural Geological ArchTirumala hills, Chittoor District
Andhra PradeshErra Matti DibbaluVishakhapatnam
KeralaLateriteAngadipuram, Malapuram Dist.
KeralaVarkala Cliff SectionThiruvanatapuram Dist.
Tamil NaduFossil wood parkTiruvakkarai, Villupuram District
Tamil NaduNational fossil wood parkSattanur, Perambalur Dist.
Tamil NaduCharnockiteSt. Thomas Mount, Madras.
Tamil NaduBadlands of Karai Formation with Cretaceous fossils along KaraiKulakkalnattam Section, Perambalur District.
GujaratSedimentary Structures Eddy Markings, Kadan DamPanch Mahals Dist.
RajasthanSendra GranitePali Dist.
RajasthanBarr ConglomeratePali Dist.
RajasthanStromatolite Fossil Park, Jharmarkotra Rock Phosphate depositUdaipur Dist.
RajasthanGossan in Rajpura-Dariba Mineralised beltUdaipur Dist.
RajasthanStromatolite Parknear Bhojunda, Chittaurgarh Dist.
RajasthanAkal Fossil Wood ParkJaisalmer Dist
RajasthanKishangarh Nepheline SyeniteAjmer Dist.
RajasthanWelded TuffJodhpur Dist.
RajasthanJodhpur Group – Malani Igneous Suite ContactJodhpur Dist.
RajasthanGreat Boundary Fault at SaturBundi Dist.
RajasthanRamgarh craterBaran district
RajasthanZawar lead-zinc mineUdaipur district
MaharashtraLonar LakeBuldana Dist.
ChhattisgarhLower Permian Marine bed at ManendragarhSarguja Dist.
KarnatakaColumnar Basaltic Lava, St Mary IslandsUdupi Dist.
KarnatakaPillow lavas near MardihalliChitradurga Dist.
KarnatakaPeninsular GneissLalbagh, Banglore
KarnatakaPyroclastics & Pillow lavas, Kolar Gold fieldsKolar Dist.
Himachal PradeshSiwalik Fossil Park, SaketiSirmur District
OdishaPillow Lava in lron ore beltNomira, Keonjhar dist.
JharkhandPlant Fossil bearing Inter-trappean beds of Rajmahal FormationUpper Gondwana sequence around Mandro, Sahibganj dist.
NagalandNagahill OphioliteSite near Pungro
SikkimStromatolite bearing Dolomite / Limestone of BuxaFormation Mamley, near Namchi, South District
Geological Heritage Sites / National geological monument
Geological Heritage Sites in India

Latest Geological Heritage Sites in India

Siwalik Fossil Park (Himachal Pradesh)

  • The Siwalik Fossil park displays a rich collection of vertebrate fossils recovered from the Siwalik rocks of the area of Plio-Pleistocene age (2.6 million to 11,700 years ago).
  • The deposition of Siwalik sediments took place in the narrow linear depression, called the ‘fore deep’, which started developing in front of the Himalayas since the inception of its uplift in the middle Miocene (23 million years to 2.6 million years ago).

Stromatolite bearing Dolomite / Limestone of Buxa Formation of Buxa Formation (Sikkim)

  • This Geoheritage site at Mamley exposes lithounits of Buxa Formation, Daling Group of Proterozoic age (2.5 billion years to 541 million years ago).
  • The dolostones (sedimentary rock) are profusely stromatolitic (Precambrian algal structures). This site provides one of the rare examples of early life in Sikkim Himalaya.
  • The Precambrian is the earliest of the geologic ages, which are marked by different layers of sedimentary rock.
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