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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Mill’s work was crucial to the development of liberalism, because it straddled the divide between classical and modern theories. Analyze.

  • UPSC 2026
  • 20 marks
  • Western Political Thought

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Classical liberalism, from John Locke through Adam Smith to Jeremy Bentham, joined negative liberty, a minimal state and secure property. Modern liberalism, from Thomas Hill Green and Leonard Trelawny Hobhouse to John Rawls, treats liberty as capacity and the state as its enabler. John Stuart Mill (1806–73) stands on the seam between them. His work…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • The Classical Inheritance
  • Where He Moves Beyond
  • How Modern Liberals Used Him
  • Limits of the Straddle
  • Indian Illustration
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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