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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

What is sustainable development? How can sustainability be achieved in India where livelihood needs conflict with environmental protection?

  • UPSC 2024
  • Challenges of Social Transformation

Sustainable development, as the Brundtland Commission put it in Our Common Future (1987), meets present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet theirs. The definition hides the Indian difficulty: it speaks of generations, while India's conflict runs within one — between those whose livelihood depends on a resource and those who would protect it…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Why the conflict is structural
  • Exclusionary conservation
  • The commons as the way out
  • Institutional reconciliation and its record
  • How sustainability can be achieved
  • Conclusion

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