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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Why is systems analysis important in urban planning and what are its limitations?

  • UPSC 2025
  • Models, Theories and Laws

A city is the textbook open system — it imports food, water, energy, labour, capital and information and exports goods, services, waste and ideas — so no urban problem can be isolated from the flows that produce it.

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  • Why It Matters in Urban Planning
  • Limitations

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