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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

“The stages of Demographic Transition are a reflection of uneven económic development across the globe.” Explain with suitable examples.

  • UPSC 2023
  • Economic Geography

Demographic transition is the shift from a high-fertility/high-mortality equilibrium, through rapid natural increase, to a low-fertility/low-mortality equilibrium — named by Warren Thompson (1929) and formalised by Frank Notestein (1945).

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • Stages I and II: Subsistence Economies and the Unaccompanied Mortality Fall
  • Stage III: Fertility Decline in Industrialising Middle-Income Economies
  • Stages IV and V: Developed and Post-Industrial Economies
  • The Lag Between the Two Declines Is the Population Explosion
  • Where the Correlation Weakens: Kerala, Sri Lanka and Bihar

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