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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Marine resources are economically very significant. Discuss citing suitable examples.

  • UPSC 2020
  • Oceanography

Marine resources are the entire wealth of biotic and abiotic materials held within ocean water, the sea floor, and the sub-seabed — spanning living organisms (plankton, nekton, benthos), dissolved and deposited minerals, energy potential, and genetic/pharmaceutical material.

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What the full answer covers

  • Living (Biotic) Resources — Fisheries, Aquaculture and Bioprospecting
  • Mineral and Energy Resources — The Seabed and Sub-Seabed Frontier
  • The Blue Economy Paradigm — Aggregating and Sustaining the Value
  • Conservation and the Sustainability Tension

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