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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

The 1921 Moplah rebellion was “in essence an expression of long-standing agrarian discontent which was intensified by the religious and ethnic identity”. Comment.

  • UPSC 2000
  • Indian Response to British Rule

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The Moplah (Mappila) rebellion of 1921 in Malabar is best understood not as a religious riot that happened to involve land, but as a decades-old agrarian conflict whose social fault-line — Muslim tenant against Hindu landlord — gave it, from the outset, a communal charge that later overwhelmed its original economic grievance.

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What the full answer covers

  • The Long-Standing Agrarian Base
  • How Religious and Ethnic Identity Intensified the Conflict
  • Why the Framing Matters — Consequences of the Communal Turn
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