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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Discuss the concept of “environmental racism” and analyse its impacts on urban pollution.

  • Environmental Geography

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Cities are not environmentally neutral spaces. The distribution of pollution, toxic waste sites, industrial facilities, and environmental amenities across urban space is not determined solely by geography or economics — it is also shaped by race, caste, ethnicity, and the power relations embedded in urban planning, housing policy, and industrial siting decisions. The concept of environmental…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • Origins, historical roots, and genesis of the concept
  • Key conceptual aspects of environmental racism
  • Environmental racism and urban pollution: five domains of impact
  • 1. Air pollution: the geography of toxic breath
  • 2. Water pollution: contaminated infrastructure as environmental justice issue
  • 3. Toxic waste and hazardous materials: the spatial logic of sacrifice zones
  • …and 12 more sections, with a conclusion
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