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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

‘The policy of creating heterogeneous nobility by Muhammad Tughluq started the process of disintegration of Delhi Sultanate’. Explain

  • UPSC 2018
  • The Fourteenth Century

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Muhammad bin Tughluq's deliberate dismantling of the old Turkish-aristocratic monopoly on high office was, by the standards of thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Delhi, a genuinely radical experiment in composite governance. He elevated men on the basis of talent and personal loyalty rather than lineage, ethnicity, or religious status — a policy that widened the social base…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the History Optional PYQ Master Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • The Mechanism: What "Heterogeneous Nobility" Actually Meant
  • How This Genuinely Destabilised the Centre
  • The Fairer Reading: A Coherent, Even Meritocratic, Vision
  • Assessing the Causal Claim
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