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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Answer in about 150 words: The Constitution of India was secular even before the word was included in the Preamble. Comment.

  • UPSC 2026
  • 10 marks
  • Salient Features of the Indian Constitution

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The 42nd Amendment (1976) inserted "secular" into the Preamble during the Emergency. It named a character the Constitution already had. Writing in 1963, Donald Eugene Smith observed that the Constitution, without using the term, clearly erects the structure of a secular state.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Why the Assembly Omitted the Word
  • Secular Substance in the 1950 Text
  • Judicial Recognition
  • Qualifications
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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