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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Answer in about 150 words: Discuss the impact of liberalization on agriculture sector in India.

  • UPSC 2026
  • 10 marks
  • Planning and Economic Development

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The 1991 reforms largely bypassed agriculture. Licensing, tariffs and finance were reformed, but the APMC mandis, the Essential Commodities Act, MSP and input subsidies stayed as they were. Openness reached farming mainly through trade, so farmers took on world-market risk without a freer domestic market.

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What the full answer covers

  • Gains
  • Costs
  • The political limit
  • Perspectives
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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