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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

How far has interdependence among states undermined sovereignty?

  • UPSC 1991
  • State in Comparative Perspective

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Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye (Power and Interdependence, 1977) define interdependence as mutual dependence with reciprocal costly effects: change in one state imposes costs on others. Sovereignty is not one thing. Stephen D. Krasner (Sovereignty: Organized Hypocrisy, 1999) separates domestic, interdependence, international legal and Westphalian sovereignty. Interdependence has substantially eroded interdependence sovereignty, the…

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What the full answer covers

  • Where interdependence has undermined sovereignty
  • Why the erosion is limited
  • Perspectives
  • The Indian experience
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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