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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

For Marx, class divisions are outcomes of ‘exploitation’. Discuss.

  • UPSC 2014
  • Stratification and Mobility

For Karl Marx, classes are not income brackets but positions in a relationship in which one group appropriates the surplus labour of another. Exploitation is therefore the mechanism that creates classes, sets their interests against each other and drives history.

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What the full answer covers

  • Exploitation as the root of class
  • Evidence and extension
  • Critiques
  • Conclusion

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