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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Do you think that new economic reforms of British rule have disrupted the old economic system of India? Substantiate your answer with suitable examples.

  • UPSC 2025
  • Impact of Colonial Rule on Indian Society

Yes, but precisely. These were not reforms of an existing system; they substituted an order of private property, contract, cash and the world market for one of custom, status and reciprocity. Structural disruption is demonstrable; universal impoverishment from a single cause is not.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Land: from customary right to transferable property
  • The artisan, the market and deindustrialisation
  • Debt, famine and an infrastructure built for extraction
  • The revisionist counter-case
  • Conclusion

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