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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

“The continuity of the Indus Civilization into later ages was not confined to the religious and spiritual fields alone.” Analyse the statement.

  • UPSC 1997
  • Indus Valley Civilization

That certain religious images of the Harappan civilization — a horned seated deity, a worshipped tree, ritual bathing tanks — appear to survive into later Hindu practice is well known and often treated as the sum total of Harappan "legacy." The statement under examination pushes back against that narrowed view: it argues that continuity operated…

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What the full answer covers

  • The Familiar Ground: Religious and Spiritual Continuity
  • Continuity in Technology and Craft Practice
  • Continuity in Domestic and Material Life
  • How Historians Frame This Continuity

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