Perspectives on the study of Indian society

Sociology Optional PYQPs, Sociology Optional
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Model answers for these questions. 60 UPSC questions from Perspectives on the Study of Indian Society (1985–2026) are solved in Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions, with a full model answer for each. Use the View answer links in the table, or open the whole unit topic-wise, newest year first.

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YearQuestionAnswer
2026Indological approach, advocated by G. S. Ghurye, focuses on the study of Indian society through Indian texts. How can Indological approach be useful in the study of other society? Comment in detail. (20 marks)View answer
2026In what respect is M. N. Srinivas' study of Indian village society based on structural and functional perspective? Analyse. (10 marks)View answer
2026How does A. R. Desai argue that Indian social classes must be studied through the colonial mode of production? Elucidate. (10 marks)View answer
2026Compare G. S. Ghurye's and A. R. Desai's approaches used in understanding Indian society. (10 marks)View answer
2026Bring out the debates of 'insiders' and 'outsiders' approaches in understanding Indian society. (10 marks)View answer
2025'Textual perspective is important in understanding of Indian Social System.' Discuss. (10 marks)View answer
2025How would you appropriate to characterise G. S. Ghurye as a practitioner of 'theoretical pluralism'? (10 marks)View answer
2025Do you think that in a society like India, orthogenetic changes take place through differentiation? Do you observe continuities in the orthogenetic process? Elaborate your answer with suitable examples. (20 marks)View answer
2025Justify that the Indian traditions are modernizing. Also discuss its contributing factors. (10 marks)View answer
2024Differentiate between ‘Western’ and ‘Indological’ perspectives on the study of Indiansociety. Bring out the major aspects of G. S. Ghurye's contribution to ‘Indological’ approach.View answer
2023Highlight the significant features of A.R Desai's 'Dialectical Perspective' to study IndianSociety.View answer
2022Elaborate on M.N. Srinivas's structural-functionalist approach to the study of Indian society.View answer
2022Critically examine G.S. Ghurye's Indological approach to the understanding of Indian society.View answer
2022Critically examine Yogendra Singh's thesis on 'Modernisation of Indian Tradition'.View answer
2022Examine the social background of growth of Indian nationalism.View answer
2020Elaborate A. R. Desai's perspective to the study of Indian society.View answer
2019Elaborate Srinivas's views on religion and society among the Coorgs.View answer
2019Give an account of Ranajit Guha's approach in studying 'subaltern class'.View answer
2018Write a note on G.S. Ghurye's Indological perspective of understanding Indian society.View answer
2018Analyze A.R. Desai's views on India's path of development.View answer
2017Write a critique of the structural and functional perspective used by M.N. Srinivas in the understanding of Indian society.View answer
2016Write short notes with a sociological perspective: Salient features of A.R. Desai's Marxist Sociology.View answer
2015Discuss Marxist approach to the analysis of Indian nationalism.View answer
2014Write short notes with a sociological perspective on the following in 150 words : G.S. Ghurye’s Indological approach to understand society in India.View answer
2013Write short note with a sociological perspective : M.N. Srinivas’s concept of westernisation.View answer
2012Write short note on the following with a sociological perspective : Limitations of the dialectical approach to the study of Indian society.View answer
2012Write short note on the following with a sociological perspective : Westernization and institutional changes in India.View answer
2012Write short note on the following with a sociological perspective : Interaction of ‘little tradition’ and ‘great tradition’.View answer
2012Distinguish between : Positional change and structural change.View answer
2012‘Indian society may be understood as a system of cognitive structures.’ How far do you agree with this statement ?View answer
2012How have social reform movements in colonial India contributed to modernization of Indian society ?View answer
2011Write short note on The book – view and the field – view in Indian sociology with a sociological perspective in note more than 150 words.View answer
2010Write short note with a sociological perspective on A. R. Desai’s characterization of leadership of Indian freedom movement.View answer
2010Comment critically on The heterogenic features that influenced Indian tradition, according to Yogendra Singh.View answer
2010How far is the structural functional perspective helpful in understanding changes in contemporary Indian society ?View answer
2009Write short note on Colonial hangover and its social impact.View answer
2009What are the main principles of the structuralfunctional perspective ? Comment on the suitability of applying this perspective to the study of Indian society.View answer
2009Write short note on Indological perspective of G. S. Ghurye.View answer
2008How do you differentiate between social change and modernization ? Explain with examples from Indian society.View answer
2008How has the Marxist Perspective been applied to explain social background of Indian nationalism ?View answer
2006Describe the major aspects of traditional Hindu social organization. How far are they relevant for present day Indian society ?View answer
2002Discuss the metaphysical and ethical basis of Hindu social organizationView answer
2002Examine the ways in which Indian society can be strengthened as multi-cultural society. Is the dominance of single culture a hindrance to multiculturalism in India?View answer
2001Write short note : Impact of West on Indian society.View answer
2000Write short note : Impact of Buddhism on Indian societyView answer
1998Write short note : Response of Indian society to the early impact of WestView answer
1997“Tradition and modernity co-exist in contemporary Indian society’.View answer
1996Discuss the factors responsible for this continuity and change.View answer
1995Explain the significance of empirical approach to the study of Indian society. How does the use of historical approach enrich empirical orientation.View answer
1993Write short note : Social significance of Grihasthasrama.View answer
1993Examine the utility and limitations of indological source material to understanding of Indian Society.View answer
1992Examine the features of continuity and change of Indian society in historical perspective.View answer
1992Write short note : Ethnic diversity and community integration.View answer
1990‘Indian tradition, today, exhibits a form of neotraditionalism along with modernisation’. Comment.View answer
1990Write short note : Basic features of traditional Hindu social organisation.View answer
1989Analyse the impact of the modern West on traditional social values in India.View answer
1988Examine the historical roots of Indian society and identify the factors of continuity and change in it.View answer
1987Assess the impact of the west in the shaping the Indian renaissance movement in the 19th centuary.View answer
1986Examine the impact of Buddhism and Islam on the Hindu society.View answer
1986Write shprt note : The India intellectual between tradition and modernity.View answer

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