Q. Who among the following rulers of Vijayanagara Empire constructed a large dam across Tungabhadra River and a canal-cum-aqueduct several kilometres long from the river to the capital city?

  • Devaraya I
  • Mallikarjuna
  • Vira Vijaya
  • Virupaksha

Answer: (a) Devaraya I

Notes:
  • Deva Raya I constructed a dam across the Tungabhadra so that he could bring the canals into the city to relieve the shortage of water.
  • It irrigated the neighbouring fields also, for we are told that the canals increased his revenues by 350,000 pardaos.
  • He also built a dam on the river Haridra for irrigation purposes.
Deva Raya I
  • Deva Raya I was the ruler of the Vijayanagara Empire from 1406 to 1422.
  • Deva Raya I was a skilled leader known for his military abilities and support for irrigation projects in his kingdom.
  • He made the Vijayanagara army more modern by improving the cavalry, hiring skilled archers from Turkey, and strengthening his archers and horses from Arabia and Persia. 
  • An Italian traveler named Nicolo Conti, who visited Vijayanagara around 1420, greatly admired Deva Raya I.
  • Deva Raya I also promoted Kannada literature and architecture.
  • He had a famous Jain poet named Madhura in his court, who had also served his father, King Harihara II.
  • He wrote a book in Kannada about the life of the fifteenth Jain Tirthankar, Dharmanatha, and a poem praising Gommateshvara of Shravanabelagola.
  • During his rule, the well-known Hazare Rama temple was constructed, showcasing excellent Deccan architecture.
  • Bhima Devi, one of Deva Raya’s queens, was a student of Jain guru Abhinava Charukirti Panditacharya. She was devoted to Shantinatha, the 16th Jain tirthankara, and built a temple in Mangayi Basti in Shravanabelagola.