Q. Which one of the following categories of Fundamental Rights incorporates protection against untouchability as a form of discrimination?

  • Right against Exploitation
  • Right to Freedom
  • Right to Constitutional Remedies
  • Right to Equality

Answer: (d) Right to Equality

Notes:
  • Right to equality incorporates protection against untouchability as a form of discrimination under Article 17.
    • Article 17 of the constitution abolishes the practice of untouchability.
  • Article 15 of the constitution states that no person shall be discriminated on the basis of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
    • Every person shall have equal access to public places like public parks, museums, wells, bathing ghats, etc. However, the State may make any special provision for women and children.
    • Special provisions may be made for the advancements of any socially or educationally backward class or scheduled castes or scheduled tribes. 
  • Article 16 guarantees equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
  • Article 18 abolishes the title.
Additional information:
  • The Right to freedom is stipulated under Articles 19-22.
  • Article 19 of the Constitution provides for the six freedoms
    • Freedom of speech and expression
    • Freedom to assemble peacefully and without arms
    • Freedom to form Associations and Union
    • Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India
    • Freedom to reside and settle in any part of India
    • Freedom to practise any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade or business
  • Article 20 of the Constitution provides for the protection in respect of conviction for offences.
  • Article 21 Provides for Protection of life and personal liberty.
  • Article 22 deals with Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.
  • Article 32 deals with Right to Constitutional Remedies.
  • The right against exploitation, given in Articles 23 and 24.
  • It provides for the abolition of trafficking in human beings and Begar (forced labour), and the abolition of employment of children below the age of 14 years in dangerous jobs like factories, mines, etc.