Q. International Labour Organization’s Conventions 138 and 182 are related to

• Child labour
• Adaptation of agriculture practices to global climate change
• Regulation of food prices and food security
• Gender parity at the workplace

Answer: (a) Child labour

Notes:

• International Labour Organization (ILO) is the only tripartite U.N. agency, since 1919.
  • It brings together governments, employers and workers of 187 member States, to set labour standards, develop policies and devise programmes promoting decent work for all women and men.
• Core Conventions of the ILO:
  • The eight fundamental conventions form an integral part of the United Nations Human Rights Framework, and their ratification is an important sign of member States’ commitment to human rights.
  • Overall, 135 member States have ratified all eight fundamental conventions. Unfortunately, 48 member states (out of 183 member States), including member states with the highest populations, have yet to complete ratification of all eight conventions.
  • The eight-core conventions of the ILO are:
    • Forced Labour Convention (No. 29)
    • Abolition of Forced Labour Convention (No. 105)
    • Equal Remuneration Convention (No.100)
    • Discrimination (Employment Occupation) Convention (No. 111)
    • Minimum Age Convention (No. 138)
    • Worst forms of Child Labour Convention (No. 182)
    • Freedom of Association and Protection of Right to Organised Convention (No. 87)
    • Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention (No. 98)