Q. Consider the following:

The arrival of Babur into India led to the

  1. introduction of gunpowder in the subcontinent
  2. introduction of the arch and dome in the region’s architecture
  3. establishment of Timurid dynasty in the region

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

  • 1 and 2 only
  • 3 only
  • 1 and 3 only
  • 1, 2 and 3

Answer: (b) 3 only

Notes:
  • Babur established the Timurid dynasty in India. 
    • Babur was a descendant of Timurid dynasty or clan of Turco-Mongol lineage, descended from the warlord Timur and led to the establishment of Timurid dynasty in the region. 
  • The Mongols invasion led to the transmission of gunpowder and gunpowder weapons into India.
    • Chinese gunpowder technology is believed to have arrived in India by the mid-14th century but it was introduced much earlier by the Mongols. 
    • Mongols conquered both China and some borderlands of India, perhaps around the mid-13th century.
    • After the unification of a large Mongol Empire resulted in the free transmission of previously Chinese technology into Mongol conquered parts of India.
    • It is believed that the Mongols used Chinese gunpowder weapons during their invasions of India.
    • It is believed that gun powder technology came much before the Mughal invasion.
  • The Arch and dome in the region’s architecture were introduced by the Turks after the invasion of Muhammad Ghori.