Consider the following statements:  

I. It is expected that Majorana 1 chip will enable quantum computing.  

II. Majorana 1 chip has been introduced by Amazon Web Services (AWS).  

III. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning.   

Which of the statements given above are correct?   

  • I and II only   
  • II and III only   
  • I and III only   
  • I, II and III 

Answer: (c) I and III only   

Majorana 1 Chip
  • Microsoft’s Majorana 1 is a pioneering quantum chip unveiled in February 2025, utilizing topological qubits to create more stable and scalable quantum computers.
  • It uses a topoconductor (indium arsenide and aluminum) to create topological states, aiming to achieve industrial-scale quantum computing with lower error rates and smaller physical size.
  • The Majorana 1 chip is developed by Microsoft, not Amazon Web Services (AWS). Amazon Web Services has introduced its own quantum chip named “Ocelot,” which focuses on improving quantum error correction.
  • Deep learning is indeed a subset of machine learning. It involves algorithms inspired by the structure and function of the human brain, known as artificial neural networks, to process and analyse information. It is used in many AI tasks today, including image and speech recognition, object detection, and natural language processing.
Key details of the Majorana 1 chip include:
  • Topological Core: Unlike conventional qubits, Majorana 1 uses topological qubits that protect quantum information from environmental noise, significantly reducing error rates.
  • Structure: It uses a “topoconductor,” a hybrid material made of indium arsenide (semiconductor) and aluminum (superconductor) that creates a new topological state of matter.
  • Scalability & Size: The chip is designed to scale to a million qubits while being small enough to fit in the palm of a hand, potentially reducing the need for massive, warehouse-sized quantum computers.
  • Control Mechanism: The chip allows for digital control of qubits using simple voltage pulses, similar to a light switch, rather than requiring individual, complex calibrations.
  • Development Path: Developed by Microsoft, it is considered a significant step toward making quantum computers useful for industrial-scale problems within years rather than decades.