{"id":2907,"date":"2026-04-23T08:22:59","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T02:52:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2907"},"modified":"2026-05-07T17:20:24","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T11:50:24","slug":"consider-the-following-activities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/prelims\/consider-the-following-activities","title":{"rendered":"Consider the following activities:\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I. Production of crude oil&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">II. Refining, storage, and distribution of petroleum&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">III. Marketing and sale of petroleum products&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IV. Production of natural gas&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">How many of the above activities are regulated by the&nbsp;<strong>Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) in India?&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list mcq\">\n<li>Only one&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Only two&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Only three&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>All four&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) Only two&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) was&nbsp;<strong>constituted under the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board Act, 2006<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Act provides for the establishment of a Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board&nbsp;<strong>to protect the interests of consumers and entities<\/strong>&nbsp;engaged in specified activities relating to petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas and to promote competitive markets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>As per the Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board Act, the board has been mandated<strong>&nbsp;to regulate the refining, processing, storage, transportation, distribution, marketing and sale of petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas&nbsp;<\/strong><mark><strong>excluding production of crude oil and natural gas<\/strong>.<\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It thus aims&nbsp;<strong>to ensure uninterrupted and adequate supply of petroleum, petroleum products and natural gas<\/strong>&nbsp;in all parts of the country.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pngrb\">PNGRB&nbsp;<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PNGRB is a&nbsp;<strong>regulatory&nbsp;and&nbsp;statutory body<\/strong>&nbsp;constituted under&nbsp;<strong>the&nbsp;Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board Act, 2006.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Board functions like a&nbsp;<strong>tribunal<\/strong>&nbsp;with powers similar to a<strong>&nbsp;Civil Court<\/strong>&nbsp;and performs&nbsp;<strong>quasi-judicial&nbsp;duties<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Objective:&nbsp;<\/strong>It aims to&nbsp;<strong>protect consumer interests<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>regulate petroleum and natural gas activities<\/strong>&nbsp;(excluding crude oil production),&nbsp;<strong>promote competitive markets<\/strong>, and ensure&nbsp;<strong>uninterrupted supply across India<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dispute Resolution:&nbsp;<\/strong>It can&nbsp;<strong>adjudicate disputes<\/strong>&nbsp;among entities or individuals over petroleum and gas operations, including&nbsp;<strong>refining, storage, transportation, distribution, and marketing<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It also&nbsp;<strong>handles complaints<\/strong>&nbsp;on retail obligations, price displays, pipeline terms, city gas networks, and can&nbsp;<strong>issue orders, directions, or refer matters for investigation<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Appeal Mechanism:&nbsp;<\/strong>The&nbsp;<strong>Appellate Tribunal<\/strong>, established under&nbsp;<strong>Section 110 of the Electricity Act, 2003<\/strong>, serves as the&nbsp;<strong>appeal authority under the PNGRB Act, 2006<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I. Production of crude oil&nbsp;&nbsp; II. Refining, storage, and distribution of petroleum&nbsp;&nbsp; III. Marketing and sale of petroleum products&nbsp;&nbsp; IV. Production of natural gas&nbsp;&nbsp; How many of the above activities are regulated by the&nbsp;Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) in India?&nbsp;&nbsp; Answer: (b) Only two&nbsp;&nbsp; PNGRB&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3,1],"tags":[47],"years":[63],"class_list":["post-2907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-prelims","category-upsc","tag-international-relations","years-63"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"},{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"}],"post_tag":[{"value":47,"label":"International Relations"}],"years":[{"value":63,"label":"2025"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1},{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":47,"name":"International Relations","slug":"international-relations","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":47,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":79,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2907","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2907"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2907\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2907"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2907"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2907"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=2907"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}