{"id":284,"date":"2023-06-11T21:19:25","date_gmt":"2023-06-11T15:49:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=284"},"modified":"2024-04-03T07:18:52","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T01:48:52","slug":"q-consider-the-following-statements-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-consider-the-following-statements-3","title":{"rendered":"Q Consider the following statements:"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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  1. Moringa (drumstick tree) is a leguminous <\/strong>evergreen tree.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Tamarind tree is endemic<\/strong> to South Asia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. In India, most of the tamarind is collected as minor forest produce<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. India exports tamarind and seeds of moringa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Seeds of moringa and tamarind can be used in the production of biofuels.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Which of the statements given above are correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    • 1, 2, 4 and 5<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 3, 4 and 5<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 1, 3 and 4<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 1, 2, 3 and 5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n

      Answer: b) 3, 4 and 5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

      Notes:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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      • Moringa is a green leafy fast-growing deciduous plant, native to the Indian subcontinent. It is a non-leguminous tree. <\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Tamarind is a leguminous tree<\/strong> bearing edible fruit that is indigenous to tropical Africa <\/strong>(and not endemic to South Asia). <\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Tamarind is collected mostly as the minor forest produce in India. <\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • India exports tamarind and moringa seeds to the US, Germany, China, Canada, South Korea, and other European countries.  <\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Seeds of moringa and tamarind can be used for biofuel. The oil from the Moringa tree is considered to be a more sustainable biodiesel feedstock than jatropha oil.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        Legume<\/h6>\n\n\n\n
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        • A legume is a plant<\/strong> in the family Fabaceae, or the fruit or seed of such a plant.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Well-known legumes include beans, soybeans, chickpeas, peanuts, lentils, lupins, mesquite, carob, tamarind, alfalfa, and clover.<\/strong><\/mark>\n
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          • Legumes produce a botanically unique type of fruit \u2013 a simple dry fruit that develops from a simple carpel and usually dehisces (opens along a seam) on two sides.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Legumes are notable in that most of them have symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in structures called root nodules.<\/strong> For that reason, they play a key role in crop rotation.<\/strong><\/mark><\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, microorganisms capable of transforming atmospheric nitrogen into fixed nitrogen<\/strong> (inorganic compounds usable by plants).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Two kinds of nitrogen-fixing bacteria are recognized<\/strong>.\n
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            • The first kind, the free-living <\/strong>(non-symbiotic) bacteria<\/strong>, includes the cyanobacteria (or blue-green algae<\/strong>) Anabaena and Nostoc and genera such as Azotobacter, Beijerinckia, and Clostridium.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • The second kind comprises the mutualistic (symbiotic) bacteria<\/strong>; examples include Rhizobium<\/strong>, associated with leguminous plants (e.g., various members of the pea family<\/strong>); Frankia, associated with certain dicotyledonous species (actinorhizal plants); and certain Azospirillum species, associated with cereal grasses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              Minor Forest Produce (MFP)<\/h6>\n\n\n\n
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              • MFP includes all non-timber forest produce<\/mark> of plant origin<\/strong> and includes bamboo, canes, fodder, leaves, gums, waxes, dyes, resins and many forms of food including nuts, wild fruits, honey, lac, tusser etc.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • It provides both subsistence and cash income<\/strong> for people who live in or near forests. They form a major portion of their food, fruits, medicines and other consumption items <\/strong>and also provide cash income through sales.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • The Central government had introduced a minimum support price (MSP) for a select list of MFP <\/strong>through \u201cMechanism for Marketing of Minor Forest Produce through Minimum Support price and development of Value Chain of MFP\u201d Scheme in 2011 to provide a social safety net to these underprivileged forest dwellers, and to aid in their empowerment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • TRIFED, as the apex national organisation involved in the improvement of the livelihood and empowerment of these tribal people<\/strong>, is the nodal agency for the implementation of the scheme.\n
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                • The Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India (TRIFED) was established in 1987<\/strong>, under the Multi-State Cooperative Societies Act, 1984. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • It is administered by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n