{"id":2831,"date":"2026-04-22T19:30:13","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T14:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2831"},"modified":"2026-04-22T19:30:16","modified_gmt":"2026-04-22T14:00:16","slug":"consider-the-following-statements-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/prelims\/consider-the-following-statements-4","title":{"rendered":"Consider the following statements:\u00a0\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in India are&nbsp;<strong>less than 0.5 t CO2\/ capita.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">II. In terms of CO2&nbsp;emissions from fuel combustion, India ranks second in the Asia-Pacific region.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">III. Electricity and heat producers are the largest sources of \u0421\u041e2&nbsp;emissions in India.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list mcq\">\n<li>(a) I and III only\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(b) II only\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>(c) II and III only\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(d) I, II and III\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (c) II and III only&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In 2022, India\u2019s per capita emissions were 1.89 t CO2 per person. Per capita carbon dioxide (CO\u2082) emissions in India have soared in recent decades, climbing from 0.4 metric tons per person in 1970 to a\u00a0<strong>high of 2.07 metric tons per person in 2023.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India\u00a0<strong>ranks second in the Asia-Pacific region in terms of CO2 emissions from fuel combustion<\/strong>.\u00a0<strong>China ranks first in the region<\/strong>, and India is second with 2,516.967 Mt CO2 emissions, according to data from the International Energy Agency (IEA).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In India,\u00a0<strong>electricity and heat production are the largest sources of CO2 emissions<\/strong>. Specifically, the power sector, which is heavily reliant on coal, contributes significantly to the nation\u2019s overall CO2 emissions, which directly impact climate change. In 2019, the power sector was responsible for about 70% of India\u2019s total CO2 emissions, making it the single largest contributor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"indias-coemission-trends\"><strong>India\u2019s CO<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;Emission Trends:<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Annual Growth<\/strong>: Fossil fuel CO\u2082 emissions rose from\u00a0<strong>3.19 billion tonnes (2024)<\/strong>\u00a0to\u00a0<strong>3.22 billion tonnes (2025)<\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<strong>1.4% increase<\/strong>, significantly slower than the\u00a0<strong>4% rise<\/strong>\u00a0seen in 2024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Decadal Trend<\/strong>: Average annual growth fell to\u00a0<strong>3.6% (2015\u20132024)<\/strong>\u00a0from\u00a0<strong>6.4% (2005\u20132014)<\/strong>, indicating efficiency gains and rapid renewable energy deployment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sectoral Profile<\/strong>: Roughly\u00a0<strong>90%<\/strong>\u00a0of emissions originate from power generation, transport, industry, and buildings;\u00a0<strong>10%<\/strong>\u00a0from land-use factors like deforestation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Drivers of 2025 Slowdown<\/strong>: An\u00a0<strong>early monsoon in 2024<\/strong>\u00a0reduced electricity demand for cooling; renewable energy growth reduced reliance on coal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Electricity Sector Shift<\/strong>: CREA reported that\u00a0<strong>India\u2019s power-sector CO<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>\u00a0emissions declined in early 2025<\/strong>\u00a0for the first time, due to strong solar and wind generation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Global Context<\/strong>: India is the\u00a0<strong>third-largest CO<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>\u00a0emitter<\/strong>, yet its\u00a0<strong>per capita emissions (~2.3 tonnes)<\/strong>\u00a0remain far below the global average and major emitters like the\u00a0<strong>U.S. (14.4 t)<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>China (8.7 t)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Outlook<\/strong>: Global fossil CO\u2082 emissions expected to rise\u00a0<strong>1.1% to 38.1 Gt<\/strong>, with total emissions (including land use) stabilising near\u00a0<strong>42 Gt<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"global-carbon-budget\"><strong>Global Carbon Budget<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is an\u00a0<strong>annual scientific assessment<\/strong>\u00a0by\u00a0<strong>Global Carbon Project (GCP)\u00a0<\/strong>that quantifies global CO\u2082 sources and sinks across fossil fuels, land use, and oceans, forming the most authoritative dataset on global carbon trends.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>GCP Origins<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Established in\u00a0<strong>2001<\/strong>\u00a0under\u00a0<strong>Future Earth<\/strong>\u00a0and the\u00a0<strong>World Climate Research Programme<\/strong>\u00a0as a global consortium of climate scientists.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mandate<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>To measure, monitor, and explain the\u00a0<strong>global carbon cycle<\/strong>\u00a0and its influence on the climate system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Purpose of the Global Carbon Budget<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Quantifies\u00a0<strong>CO<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>\u00a0sources and sinks<\/strong>\u00a0globally.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tracks\u00a0<strong>emission trends<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>carbon sequestration<\/strong>, and\u00a0<strong>atmospheric CO<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>\u00a0levels<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Provides authoritative data for\u00a0<strong>COP negotiations<\/strong>\u00a0and national climate assessments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Scope and Methodology<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Covers\u00a0<strong>CO<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>methane (CH<\/strong><strong>\u2084<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong>, and\u00a0<strong>nitrous oxide (N<\/strong><strong>\u2082<\/strong><strong>O)<\/strong>\u00a0using global datasets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Combines\u00a0<strong>national inventories<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>satellite data<\/strong>, and\u00a0<strong>earth system models<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uses the\u00a0<strong>Global Carbon Atlas<\/strong>\u00a0to visualise national and sector-wise emissions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Significance:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Produces\u00a0<strong>transparent, peer-reviewed<\/strong>\u00a0carbon accounting.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Helps evaluate national performance under\u00a0<strong>Paris Agreement<\/strong>\u00a0targets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supports\u00a0<strong>policy design<\/strong>\u00a0on energy transition, carbon removal, and land use.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Key Collaborations:\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Works with major climate bodies including: IPCC, UNFCCC, WMO.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>2024\u00a0Global Carbon Budget\u00a0reports that global fossil CO2 emissions have reached a record high of\u00a037.4 billion tonnes, keeping the world on track for 3\u00b0C warming by 2100.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>At current emission rates, the remaining carbon budget to limit warming to 1.5\u00b0C will likely be\u00a0<strong>exhausted in about six years.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Budget-CO2-2024-1024x614.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-53562\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in India are&nbsp;less than 0.5 t CO2\/ capita.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; II. In terms of CO2&nbsp;emissions from fuel combustion, India ranks second in the Asia-Pacific region.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; III. Electricity and heat producers are the largest sources of \u0421\u041e2&nbsp;emissions in India.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Answer: (c) II and III only&nbsp;&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3,1],"tags":[36],"years":[63],"class_list":["post-2831","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-prelims","category-upsc","tag-environment","years-63"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"},{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"}],"post_tag":[{"value":36,"label":"Environment"}],"years":[{"value":63,"label":"2025"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1},{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":36,"name":"Environment","slug":"environment","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":36,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":193,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2831","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2831"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2831\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2831"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2831"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2831"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=2831"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}