{"id":2723,"date":"2025-05-26T15:02:30","date_gmt":"2025-05-26T09:32:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2723"},"modified":"2025-05-26T15:02:38","modified_gmt":"2025-05-26T09:32:38","slug":"q-consider-the-following-statements-with-regard-to-pardoning-power-of-the-president-of-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-consider-the-following-statements-with-regard-to-pardoning-power-of-the-president-of-india","title":{"rendered":"Q.\u00a0Consider the following statements with regard to pardoning power of the President of India:"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The exercise of this power by the President can be subjected to limited judicial review.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The President can exercise this power\u00a0<strong>without the advice\u00a0<\/strong>of the Central Government.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Which of the statements given above is\/are&nbsp;<strong>correct?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list mcq\">\n<li>1 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Both 1 and 2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Neither 1 nor 2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1 only<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pardon-power-of-the-president-in-india\">Pardon Power of the President in India<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pardon Powers:\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/inshorts\/article-72-of-indian-constitution-upsc\/\">Article 72 of the Indian Constitution<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0gives the\u00a0<strong>President of India<\/strong>\u00a0the power to\u00a0<strong>grant pardons, remit or commute sentences, grant respites or remissions of punishment, or reprieve the sentence<\/strong>\u00a0of any person convicted of an offense in cases where:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The punishment is by a\u00a0<strong>Court Martial<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The sentence involves\u00a0<strong>capital punishment<\/strong>\u00a0(<strong>death sentence<\/strong>).\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The conviction is for offenses under\u00a0<strong>Union laws<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Significance<\/strong>: This power ensures that the\u00a0<strong>president can remedy potential judicial errors or exercise clemency<\/strong>\u00a0in situations requiring humanitarian considerations.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Limitations:\u00a0<\/strong>The\u00a0<mark>President cannot exercise this power independently. Decisions must align with the\u00a0<strong>advice of the<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>Council of Ministers<\/strong>.<\/mark>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This principle was upheld by the\u00a0<strong>Supreme Court (SC) of India<\/strong>\u00a0in landmark cases such as:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><em>Maru Ram vs Union of India, 1980<\/em><\/strong><em>:<\/em>\u00a0The SC held that the power to grant pardons must be exercised fairly, reasonably, and without arbitrariness, ensuring justice and balance.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Kehar Singh v. Union of India, 1988:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>The SC held that the President\u2019s pardoning power is independent of the judiciary,\u00a0<strong><mark>but it can be reviewed to ensure procedural fairness<\/mark><\/strong>. The\u00a0<strong>review focuses on adherence to constitutional principles and procedural requirements<\/strong>, not the merits of the decision.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The exercise of the President\u2019s pardoning power\u00a0<strong>can be subjected to limited judicial review<\/strong>. The Supreme Court has held that\u00a0<strong><mark>this power is not absolute and can be reviewed by courts on grounds such as arbitrariness, mala fide, or if exercised on irrelevant considerations<\/mark><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><strong>Clemency Type<\/strong><\/th><th><strong>Definition<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Pardon<\/strong><\/td><td>Removes both the sentence and the conviction, absolving the convict from all punishments and disqualifications.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Commutation<\/strong><\/td><td>Substitutes one form of punishment for a lighter one.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Remission<\/strong><\/td><td>Reduces the period of a sentence without changing its nature.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Respite<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/td><td>Awards a lesser sentence due to special circumstances like physical disability or pregnancy.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Reprieve<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/td><td>Temporarily stays the execution of a sentence to allow time to seek pardon or commutation.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Which of the statements given above is\/are&nbsp;correct? Answer: (a) 1 only Pardon Power of the President in India Clemency Type Definition&nbsp; Pardon Removes both the sentence and the conviction, absolving the convict from all punishments and disqualifications.&nbsp; Commutation Substitutes one form of punishment for a lighter one.&nbsp; Remission Reduces the period of a sentence without&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[39],"years":[63],"class_list":["post-2723","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-indian-polity","years-63"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":39,"label":"Indian Polity"}],"years":[{"value":63,"label":"2025"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":39,"name":"Indian Polity","slug":"indian-polity","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":39,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":188,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2723","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2723"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2723\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2723"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2723"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2723"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=2723"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}