{"id":2587,"date":"2025-05-04T19:58:14","date_gmt":"2025-05-04T14:28:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2587"},"modified":"2025-05-04T19:58:16","modified_gmt":"2025-05-04T14:28:16","slug":"q-in-the-context-of-colonial-india-shah-nawaz-khan-prem-kumar-sehgal-and-gurbaksh-singh-dhillon-are-remembered-as","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-in-the-context-of-colonial-india-shah-nawaz-khan-prem-kumar-sehgal-and-gurbaksh-singh-dhillon-are-remembered-as","title":{"rendered":"Q. In the context of Colonial India, Shah Nawaz Khan, Prem Kumar Sehgal and Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon are remembered as"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list mcq\">\n<li>Leaders of Swadeshi and Boycott Movement<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Members of the Interim Government in 1946<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Members of the Drafting Committee in the Constituent Assembly<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Officers of the Indian National Army<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>(d) Officers of the Indian National Army<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"notes-hd-6816d0cfa8c4e\">Notes:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>Indian National Army (also known as the Azad Hind Fauj)<\/strong>\u00a0was an armed force formed by\u00a0<strong>Indian Nationalists in 1942<\/strong>, through the patronage of the Imperial Japanese Army, to secure independence for India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>first INA was formed under Mohan Singh<\/strong>, a former officer of the British Indian Army captured during the Malay campaign. Conditions in the prisoner-of-war camps, as well as resentment against the British in general, saw many prisoners of war volunteer to join the Indian National Army.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The initiative received considerable support from the<strong>\u00a0Imperial Japanese Army a<\/strong>nd from the ethnic Indian population of South-East Asia.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>However, disagreements between Mohan Singh and the Japanese Army Command regarding the autonomy of the Indian National Army led to the disbandment of the first INA in December 1942.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Subash Chandra Bose and the Second INA<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Although Mohan Singh had angered the Japanese Army Command through his actions, they relented to form a second Indian National Army.\u00a0<strong>Mohan Singh himself recommended Subash Chandra Bose\u00a0for the leadership role<\/strong>. His reputation as a committed nationalist was known to both the Indian diaspora of South East Asia and the Imperial Japanese Army. As such, they were more open to the idea of a nationalist army led by Subash Chandra Bose. The activities of Subash Chandra Bose in India had forced the British authorities to imprison him, but he escaped and reached Berlin in 1941.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Major General Shah Nawaz Khan, Colonel Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon and Colonel Prem Kumar Sahgal were three of the senior-most officers of INA and trusted colleagues of Netaji.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>These three officers were part of\u00a0<strong>Subhas Chandra Bose\u2019s Indian National Army (INA)<\/strong>, which fought alongside the\u00a0<strong>Axis Powers<\/strong>\u00a0during World War II to achieve India\u2019s independence from British rule.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Red Fort Trials (1945\u20131946):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The three officers \u2014\u00a0<strong>Shah Nawaz Khan, Prem Kumar Sehgal, and Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 were charged with\u00a0<strong>treason, murder, and torture<\/strong>\u00a0for their role in the INA.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>trial<\/strong>\u00a0took place at the\u00a0<strong>Red Fort<\/strong>\u00a0in Delhi, and it became a\u00a0<strong>symbol of national resistance<\/strong>\u00a0against British rule, uniting Indians across political ideologies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Although the British found them guilty, the widespread\u00a0<strong>public outrage and protests<\/strong>\u00a0across India forced the British to\u00a0<strong>commute their sentences<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"constituent-assembly-of-india\">Constituent Assembly of India<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Constituent Assembly of India was\u00a0<strong>partly elected and partly nominated body to frame the Constitution of India<\/strong>. It was\u00a0<strong>elected by the Provincial assemblies<\/strong>\u00a0of British India following the Provincial Assembly\u00a0<strong>elections held in 1946<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>nominated by princely states<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>After India\u2019s independence from the British in August 1947, its members served as the nation\u2019s \u2018<strong>Provisional Parliament<\/strong>\u2018, as well as the Constituent Assembly.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was conceived and created by\u00a0<strong>V. K. Krishna Menon<\/strong>, who first outlined its necessity in 1933 and enshrined it as an Indian National Congress demand.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly,\u00a0<strong>chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar<\/strong>, comprised\u00a0<strong>seven members<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K.M. Munshi,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mohammad Saadulla,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B.L. Mitter (later replaced by N. Madhava Rao),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D.P. Khaitan (later replaced by T.T. Krishnamachari),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>and B.R. Ambedkar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"interim-government\">Interim Government<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>Interim Government of India, also known as the Provisional Government of India, formed on 2 September 1946<\/strong>\u00a0from the newly elected Constituent Assembly of India, had the task of assisting the transition of British India to independence.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It\u00a0<strong>remained in place until 15 August 1947<\/strong>, the date of the independence (and partition) of British India, and the creation of the dominions of India and Pakistan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Key Members and their Portfolios:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Jawaharlal Nehru (INC):<\/strong>\u00a0Vice President, External Affairs, and Commonwealth Relations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (INC):<\/strong>\u00a0Home Affairs, Information, and Broadcasting.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rajendra Prasad (INC):<\/strong>\u00a0Agriculture and Food.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C. Rajagopalachari (INC):<\/strong>\u00a0Education and Arts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Baldev Singh (Sikh):<\/strong>\u00a0Defence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Liaquat Ali Khan (Muslim League):<\/strong>\u00a0Finance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jagjivan Ram (INC):<\/strong>\u00a0Labour.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Asaf Ali (Muslim League):<\/strong>\u00a0Railways and Communications.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C.H. Bhabha (Parsee):<\/strong>\u00a0Works, Mines, and Power.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar (Muslim League):<\/strong>\u00a0Commerce.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Abdur Rab Nishtar (Muslim League):<\/strong>\u00a0Posts and Air.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ghazanfar Ali Khan (Muslim League):<\/strong>\u00a0Health.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jogendra Nath Mandal (Scheduled Caste):<\/strong>\u00a0Law.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>John Matthai (Indian Christian):<\/strong>\u00a0Industries and Supplies.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Answer:&nbsp;(d) Officers of the Indian National Army Notes: Constituent Assembly of India Interim Government<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[42],"years":[52],"class_list":["post-2587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-modern-history","years-52"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":42,"label":"Modern History"}],"years":[{"value":52,"label":"2021"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":42,"name":"Modern History","slug":"modern-history","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":42,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":87,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2587","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2587"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2587\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2587"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=2587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}