{"id":2537,"date":"2025-05-03T17:16:05","date_gmt":"2025-05-03T11:46:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2537"},"modified":"2025-05-03T17:16:06","modified_gmt":"2025-05-03T11:46:06","slug":"q-the-chinese-traveler-yuan-chwang-hiuen-tsang-who-visited-india-recorded-the-general-conditions-and-culture-of-india-at-that-time-in-this-context-which-of-the-following-statements-is-are-correct","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-the-chinese-traveler-yuan-chwang-hiuen-tsang-who-visited-india-recorded-the-general-conditions-and-culture-of-india-at-that-time-in-this-context-which-of-the-following-statements-is-are-correct","title":{"rendered":"Q. The Chinese traveler Yuan Chwang (Hiuen Tsang) who visited India recorded the general conditions and culture of India at that time. In this context, which of the following statements is\/are correct?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The roads and river-routes were\u00a0<strong>completely immune<\/strong>\u00a0from robbery.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>As regards punishment for offences, ordeals by fire, water and poison were the instruments for determining the innocence or guilt of a person.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The tradesmen had to pay duties at ferries and barrier stations.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Select the correct answer using the codes given below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list mcq\">\n<li>1 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2 and 3 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 and 3 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1, 2 and 3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"notes-hd-6815955a65bcb\">Notes:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Chinese traveler Yuan Chwang (Hiuen Tsang) visited India during the\u00a0<strong>reign of emperor Harsha Vardhana and stayed for almost 15 years from 630-645 A.D.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>After returning back to China he wrote the book\u00a0<strong>\u2018Si-yu-ki\u2019 (Record of the Western Countries)<\/strong>\u00a0in which he wrote a detailed description of India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>His prime objective to visit India was t<strong>o secure genuine Buddhist scriptures and visit places of Buddhist interest\u00a0<\/strong>as he was interested in Mahayana Buddhism.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yuan Chwang (Hiuen Tsang)<\/strong>\u00a0made\u00a0the following observations of India:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>There were\u00a0<strong>different types of houses constructed of wood, bricks, and dung<\/strong>. The streets of the city were\u00a0<strong>circular and dirty<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>New cities grew up in place of the old ones which got ruined.\u00a0<strong>Prayag<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>Kannauj<\/strong>\u00a0(capital) were important cities where he witnessed the assemblies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nalanda<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>Valabhi<\/strong>\u00a0were the important centres of Buddhist learning.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Indians wore\u00a0garments made of\u00a0<strong>cotton, silk, and wool and are lovers of education, literature, and fine arts.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He also praised the emperor Harsha and his administration. He wrote that the\u00a0<strong>criminal law was severe and the offenders were given imprisonment, also trial by ordeals<\/strong>\u00a0was in vogue, but still the\u00a0<strong>roads were not safe and he himself got robbed more than once<\/strong>. Also, the emperor maintained a large, powerful, and well-equipped army.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>According to him, the government was liberal in the case of tax and revenue collection.\u00a0<strong>Tradesmen had to pay light duties at ferries and barrier stations<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>people did not include meat in their diet<\/strong>,\u00a0the society was divided based on caste, and women were respected in general.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Brahmanical system<\/strong>\u00a0of religion was prominent and\u00a0<strong>Sanskrit<\/strong>\u00a0was the language of the cultured classes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Yuan-Chwang-Hiuen-Tsang.jpg\" alt=\"Yuan Chwang (Hiuen Tsang)\" class=\"wp-image-51718\" style=\"width:677px;height:auto\" title=\"UPSC Prelims Research: Ancient History &amp; Art and Culture 2013 1\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Select the correct answer using the codes given below. Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only Notes:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[40,43],"years":[60],"class_list":["post-2537","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-ancient-history","tag-art-and-culture","years-60"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":40,"label":"Ancient History"},{"value":43,"label":"Art and Culture"}],"years":[{"value":60,"label":"2013"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":40,"name":"Ancient History","slug":"ancient-history","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":40,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":108,"filter":"raw"},{"term_id":43,"name":"Art and Culture","slug":"art-and-culture","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":43,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":80,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2537","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2537"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2537\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2537"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2537"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2537"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=2537"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}