{"id":2531,"date":"2025-05-03T17:01:48","date_gmt":"2025-05-03T11:31:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2531"},"modified":"2025-05-03T17:01:50","modified_gmt":"2025-05-03T11:31:50","slug":"q-with-reference-to-indias-culture-and-tradition-what-is-kalaripayattu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-with-reference-to-indias-culture-and-tradition-what-is-kalaripayattu","title":{"rendered":"Q. With reference to India\u2019s culture and tradition, what is `Kalaripayattu\u2019?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list mcq\">\n<li>It is an ancient Bhakti cult of Shaivism still prevalent in some parts of South India<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is an ancient style bronze and brasswork still found in southern part of Coromandel area<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is an ancient form of dance-drama and a living tradition in the northern part of Malabar<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is an ancient martial art and a living tradition in some parts of South India<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) It is an ancient martial art and a living tradition in some parts of South India<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"kalaripayattu\">Kalaripayattu:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kalaripayattu is a martial art that\u00a0<strong>originated as a style in Kerala<\/strong>\u00a0during the\u00a0<strong>13th Century AD<\/strong>. This is an ancient traditional martial art form of Kerala, India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The word\u00a0<strong>Kalari first appears in Sangam literature<\/strong>\u00a0to describe both a battlefield and combat arena.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kalari, a Malayalam word, refers to a specific type of school\/gymnasium\/training hall where martial arts are practiced or taught.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The word\u00a0<strong>Kalari tatt denoted a martial feat<\/strong>, while\u00a0<strong>Kalari kozhai meant a coward in war<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is considered to be one of the oldest fighting systems in existence.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It is now practised in Kerala, in contiguous parts of Tamil Nadu.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was originally practised in the northern and central parts of Kerala and the Tulunadu region of Karnataka.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kalaripayattu means battlefield practices or training<\/strong>\u00a0that takes place in an arena or a gymnasium of specific dimensions with mud flooring.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Basis of all martial art forms like Karate, Kungfu was originally developed from Kalaripayattu.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This art form includes mock duels (armed and unarmed combat) and physical exercises.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Not accompanied by any drumming or song<\/strong>, the most important aspect is the style of fighting.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kalaripayattu\u2019s most important key is footwork; it also includes kicks, strikes and weapon-based practice.\u00a0<strong>Even women practice this art.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kalaripayattu is still rooted in the traditional rituals and ceremonies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kalaripayattu includes a number of techniques and aspects. Some of them are:\u00a0<strong>Uzhichil<\/strong>\u00a0or the massage with Gingli oil,\u00a0<strong>Fighting with Otta\u00a0<\/strong>(an \u2018S\u2019 shaped stick),\u00a0<strong>Maipayattu<\/strong>\u00a0or body exercises,\u00a0<strong>Puliyankam<\/strong>\u00a0or sword fight,<strong>\u00a0Verumkai<\/strong>\u00a0or bare-handed fight,\u00a0<strong>Angathari<\/strong>\u00a0or use of metal weapons and sticks of Kolthari.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Kalaripayattu.webp\" alt=\"Kalaripayattu\" class=\"wp-image-51714\" style=\"width:770px;height:auto\" title=\"UPSC Prelims Research: Ancient History &amp; Art and Culture 2014 2\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Answer: (d) It is an ancient martial art and a living tradition in some parts of South India Kalaripayattu:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[40,43],"years":[59],"class_list":["post-2531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-ancient-history","tag-art-and-culture","years-59"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":40,"label":"Ancient History"},{"value":43,"label":"Art and Culture"}],"years":[{"value":59,"label":"2014"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":40,"name":"Ancient History","slug":"ancient-history","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":40,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":108,"filter":"raw"},{"term_id":43,"name":"Art and Culture","slug":"art-and-culture","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":43,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":80,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2531"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2531\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2531"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=2531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}