{"id":2518,"date":"2025-05-03T03:36:01","date_gmt":"2025-05-02T22:06:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2518"},"modified":"2025-05-03T03:36:03","modified_gmt":"2025-05-02T22:06:03","slug":"q-with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the-following-statements","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the-following-statements","title":{"rendered":"Q. With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the following statements:"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Siddhas (Sittars) of Tamil region were monotheistic and condemned idolatry.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lingayats of Kannada region questioned the theory of rebirth and rejected the caste hierarchy.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list mcq\">\n<li>1 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Both 1 and 2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Neither 1 nor 2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>(c) Both 1 and 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"notes-hd-6814820a7528a\">Notes:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Almost all the\u00a0<strong>Siddhas<\/strong>\u00a0believed in the<strong>\u00a0oneness of all creation<\/strong>\u00a0i.e\u00a0<strong>monotheism<\/strong>\u00a0and they\u00a0<strong>preached a philosophy of love and service and condemned idolatry<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u200b<\/strong>Almost all of the \u2018Siddhas\u2019 songs were composed in the twilight language.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Siddhas\u00a0<strong>worship Shiva and Shakti\u00a0<\/strong>in their benign, ascetic and fierce forms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/inshorts\/basavanna-upsc\/\">Basavanna<\/a>\u00a0is the founder of Lingayatism<\/strong>\u00a0and is strongly\u00a0<strong>against the rigid practices of the caste system<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Basavanna<\/strong>\u00a0(1106-68) was a Brahmana\u00a0and\u00a0a minister in the court of a\u00a0<strong>Kalachuri ruler.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>His followers were known as\u00a0<strong>Virashaivas (heroes of Shiva) or Lingayats (wearers of the linga).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lingayats believed\u00a0that\u00a0there\u00a0is\u00a0<strong>no rebirth\u00a0and on\u00a0death,\u00a0the\u00a0devotee reunites\u00a0with\u00a0Shiva never coming back\u00a0<\/strong>to the\u00a0World.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hence Lingayats of Kannada region questioned the theory of rebirth and rejected the caste hierarchy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/basavanna.jpeg\" alt=\"basavanna\" class=\"wp-image-50171\" style=\"width:338px;height:auto\" title=\"UPSC Prelims Research: Ancient History &amp; Art and Culture 2016 1\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Basavanna<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"lingayats\">Lingayats<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The term Lingayat<strong>\u00a0denotes a person who wears a personal linga, an iconic form of god Shiva,<\/strong>\u00a0on the body which is received during the initiation ceremony.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lingayats are the\u00a0<strong>followers of the 12<sup>th<\/sup>-century social reformer-philosopher poet, Basaveshwara.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Basaveshwara was against the caste system<\/strong>\u00a0and Vedic rituals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Lingayats are\u00a0<strong>strict monotheists<\/strong>. They enjoin the worship of only one God, namely, Linga (Shiva).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The word<strong>\u00a0\u2018Linga\u2019 does not mean Linga established in temples, but universal consciousness<\/strong>\u00a0qualified by the universal energy (Shakti).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lingayats had been classified as a<strong>\u00a0Hindu subcaste called \u201cVeerashaiva Lingayats\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0and they are considered to be Shaivites.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct? Answer:&nbsp;(c) Both 1 and 2 Notes: Lingayats<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[40],"years":[57],"class_list":["post-2518","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-ancient-history","years-57"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":40,"label":"Ancient History"}],"years":[{"value":57,"label":"2016"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":40,"name":"Ancient History","slug":"ancient-history","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":40,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":108,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2518"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2518\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2518"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2518"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2518"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=2518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}