{"id":2474,"date":"2025-05-02T13:55:38","date_gmt":"2025-05-02T08:25:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2474"},"modified":"2025-05-02T13:55:41","modified_gmt":"2025-05-02T08:25:41","slug":"q-with-reference-to-indian-history-consider-the-following-pairs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-with-reference-to-indian-history-consider-the-following-pairs","title":{"rendered":"Q. With reference to Indian history, consider the following pairs:"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
<\/td>Historical person<\/strong><\/td><\/td>Known as<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
1.<\/td>Aryadeva<\/td>\u2014<\/td>Jaina scholar<\/td><\/tr>
2.<\/td>Dignaga<\/td>\u2014<\/td>Buddhist scholar<\/td><\/tr>
3.<\/td>Nathamuni<\/td>\u2014<\/td>Vaishnava scholar<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

How many pairs given above are correctly matched?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • None of the pairs<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Only one pair<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Only two pairs<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • All three pairs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n

    Answer:<\/strong> (c) Only two pairs<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

    Notes:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u0100ryadeva (3rd century), was a Mahayana Buddhist monk<\/strong>, a\u00a0disciple of Nagarjuna<\/strong>\u00a0and a Madhyamaka philosopher, is a central figure in the development of early Indian Madhyamaka philosophy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Dignaga was the early 6th century Indian Buddhist Monk<\/strong>\u00a0and was also the founder of Indian logic,\u00a0Hetu Vidya<\/strong>. He was born in Simhavakta near Kanchipuram.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Sri Ranganathamuni, popularly known as Sriman Nathamuni, was a Vaishnava theologian who
      collected and compiled the Nalayira Divya Prabandham<\/strong>. Considered the first of Sri Vaishnava
      \u0101ch\u0101ry\u0101s, Nathamuni is also the\u00a0author of Yogarahasya, and Ny\u0101yatattva.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      Buddhist Scholars<\/strong>:<\/h6>\n\n\n\n

      Dignaga <\/strong>(480 AD-540 AD):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • Dignaga\u2019s work laid the groundwork for the development of deductive logic in India and created the\u00a0first system of Buddhist logic and epistemology.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • His Philosophy:\u00a0<\/strong>\n
          \n
        • Pratyaksha\u00a0<\/strong>(awareness to acquire information)\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Anumana<\/strong>\u00a0(type of cognition to be aware of general attributes)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Apohavada and language:<\/strong>\u00a0(interpretation of conventional and symbolic signs to be conventional instances of inference)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • His works:\u00a0<\/strong>\n
            \n
          • Pramana-samuccaya\u00a0<\/strong>(perception, language and inference)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Abhidharmakosa-marma-Pradip<\/strong>\u00a0(Abhidharmakosha\u2019s Summary).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Nyaya-mukha:\u00a0<\/strong>(Introduction to logic)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • A summary of the\u00a0Mahayana Astasahasrika-prajnaparamita sutra\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            Dharmakirti<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • Dharmakirti is associated with the\u00a0Yogacara\u00a0and\u00a0Sautrantika\u00a0<\/strong>schools.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • He was one of the primary theorists of\u00a0Buddhist atomism.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • His philosophy:<\/strong>\n
                \n
              • Epistemology:<\/strong>\u00a0 (instruments of knowledge, i.e., perception and inference)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Metaphysics:\u00a0<\/strong>(real is only the momentarily existing particulars, and any universal is unreal and a fiction)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • His works\u00a0<\/strong>include Sambandhaparikshavrtti, Pramanaviniscaya, Pramavarttika-karaka.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                Chandrakirti <\/strong>(600 CE-650 CE):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • Chandrakirti was a Buddhist scholar of\u00a0Madhyamaka school.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • His philosophy:<\/strong>\n
                    \n
                  • Two truths<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • The nature of conventional truth<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Prasanga and reasoning<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Buddhahood<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • His works<\/strong>\u00a0include Mulamadhyamaka-vrtti-prasannapada, Madhyamakavatara, Yuktisasthika-vrtti.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    Historical person Known as 1. Aryadeva \u2014 Jaina scholar 2. Dignaga \u2014 Buddhist scholar 3. Nathamuni \u2014 Vaishnava scholar How many pairs given above are correctly matched? Answer: (c) Only two pairs Notes: Buddhist Scholars: Dignaga (480 AD-540 AD): Dharmakirti: Chandrakirti (600 CE-650 CE):<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[40],"years":[51],"class_list":["post-2474","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-ancient-history","years-51"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":40,"label":"Ancient History"}],"years":[{"value":51,"label":"2022"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":40,"name":"Ancient History","slug":"ancient-history","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":40,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":108,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2474","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2474"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2474\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2474"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2474"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2474"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=2474"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}