{"id":2473,"date":"2025-05-02T13:54:32","date_gmt":"2025-05-02T08:24:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2473"},"modified":"2025-05-02T13:54:34","modified_gmt":"2025-05-02T08:24:34","slug":"q-with-reference-to-indian-history-consider-the-following-texts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-with-reference-to-indian-history-consider-the-following-texts","title":{"rendered":"Q. With reference to Indian history, consider the following texts:"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nettipakarana<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Parishishtaparvan<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avadanashataka<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trishashtilakshana Mahapurana<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Which of the above are&nbsp;<strong>Jaina texts<\/strong>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list mcq\">\n<li>1, 2 and 3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2 and 4 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1, 3 and 4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2, 3 and 4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>(b) 2 and 4 only<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"notes-hd-68144988a6241\">Notes:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Nettipakarana<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a\u00a0<strong>Buddhist scripture<\/strong>. Nettipakarana is a guide to help those who already understand the teaching present it to others. The Netti methods were taught by the\u00a0<strong>Buddha\u2019s disciple Kaccana (also Katyayana or Kaccayana).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nettipakarana is a mythological Buddhist scripture sometimes included in the Khuddaka Nikaya of<strong>\u00a0Theravada Buddhism.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is divided into\u00a0<strong>two divisions<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sangahavara<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vibhagavara<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Avadana texts<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The emergences of the Avadana may have been compiled between\u00a0<strong>second Century A.D to the 11th Century A.D<\/strong>. The earlier product of Avadana texts like\u00a0<strong>Avadana-sataka, Divyavadana etc.<\/strong>, which are of Hinayanic character and the later Avadanas like\u00a0<strong>Suvarnavarnavadana, Kalpadrumavadanamala, Vratavadanamala<\/strong>\u00a0are earmarked as Mahayanic in character. Avadanas are\u00a0<strong>non canonical Buddhist texts<\/strong>\u00a0about previous lives and karma, example\u00a0<strong>Divyavadana (4th century) and Avadanashataka (2nd century)<\/strong>\u00a0written in sanskrit. It deal with stories and tales related to Buddha.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Parishishtaparvan:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Also known as the\u00a0<strong>Sthaviravalicharitra<\/strong>, is a 12th-century Sanskrit mahakavya\u00a0<strong>by Hemachandra<\/strong>\u00a0which details the histories of the earliest\u00a0<strong>Jain teachers<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mahapurana or Trishashthilkshana:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mahapurana is a major Jain text composed largely by\u00a0<strong>\u201cAcharya\u201d Jinasena<\/strong>\u00a0during the rule of Rashtrakuta ruler Amoghavarsha and completed by his pupil Gunabhadra in the 9th century CE.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mahapurana consists of two parts. The first part is\u00a0<strong>\u0100di pur\u0101 a written by \u201cAcharya\u201d Jinasena<\/strong>. The second part is\u00a0<strong>Uttarapurana<\/strong>\u00a0which is the section\u00a0<strong>composed by Gunabhadra.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Which of the above are&nbsp;Jaina texts? Answer:&nbsp;(b) 2 and 4 only Notes:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[40,43],"years":[51],"class_list":["post-2473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-ancient-history","tag-art-and-culture","years-51"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":40,"label":"Ancient History"},{"value":43,"label":"Art and Culture"}],"years":[{"value":51,"label":"2022"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":40,"name":"Ancient History","slug":"ancient-history","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":40,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":108,"filter":"raw"},{"term_id":43,"name":"Art and Culture","slug":"art-and-culture","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":43,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":80,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2473"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2473\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2473"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=2473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}