{"id":2436,"date":"2025-05-02T12:34:05","date_gmt":"2025-05-02T07:04:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2436"},"modified":"2025-05-02T12:34:07","modified_gmt":"2025-05-02T07:04:07","slug":"q-in-which-of-the-following-are-hydrogels-used","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-in-which-of-the-following-are-hydrogels-used","title":{"rendered":"Q. In which of the following are hydrogels used?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Controlled drug delivery in patients<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mobile air-conditioning systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Preparation of industrial lubricants<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list mcq\">\n<li>1 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 and 2 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2 and 3 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1, 2 and 3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:&nbsp;(d) 1, 2 and 3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"hydrogels\">Hydrogels<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hydrogels are\u00a0<strong>three-dimensional, cross-linked polymer networks that can absorb and retain large amounts of water, forming a gel-like substance<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These materials,\u00a0<strong>composed of hydrophilic polymers, can expand in aqueous solutions and maintain their structure due to chemical or physical cross-linking<\/strong>. They exhibit\u00a0<strong>high elasticity and can swell or collapse<\/strong>\u00a0depending on their hydration level.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Types of Hydrogels:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hydrogels can be classified based on their composition (natural or synthetic), cross-linking mechanism (chemical or physical), and their ability to respond to external stimuli. Some examples include:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Natural hydrogels<\/strong>: Derived from natural polymers like collagen, hyaluronic acid, or starch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Synthetic hydrogels<\/strong>: Made from synthetic polymers like polyacrylamide or polyvinyl alcohol.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Smart hydrogels<\/strong>: Responsive to external stimuli like pH, temperature, or light.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Applications:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hydrogels have a wide range of applications due to their unique properties, including:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Biomedical:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Drug delivery<\/strong>: They can be used to deliver drugs in a controlled manner.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tissue engineering<\/strong>: Hydrogels can provide a three-dimensional environment for cell growth and tissue regeneration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Wound dressing<\/strong>: They can help keep wounds moist and promote healing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hygiene products<\/strong>: Hydrogels are used in diapers and other absorbent products.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Agriculture<\/strong>: They can be used to improve soil water retention.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cosmetics:<\/strong>\u00a0Some hydrogels are used in cosmetics for moisturizing and other purposes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Food industry<\/strong>: They can be used as food additives or for creating specific textures.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hydrogels have applications in\u00a0<strong>mobile air-conditioning systems<\/strong>\u00a0due to their ability to absorb and release water. They can be used in evaporative cooling systems, where the hydrogel helps in maintaining humidity and cooling effects.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hydrogels are also used in the\u00a0<strong>preparation of industrial lubricants.<\/strong>\u00a0They help in reducing friction and wear between mechanical parts by forming a lubricating layer that can retain moisture and provide smooth movement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Hydrogels-1020x1024.png\" alt=\"Hydrogels\" class=\"wp-image-51781\" style=\"width:766px;height:auto\" title=\"UPSC Prelims Research: Science and Tech 2024 5\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Select the correct answer using the code given below: Answer:&nbsp;(d) 1, 2 and 3 Hydrogels<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[44],"years":[49],"class_list":["post-2436","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-science-and-tech","years-49"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":44,"label":"Science and Tech"}],"years":[{"value":49,"label":"2024"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":44,"name":"Science and Tech","slug":"science-and-tech","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":44,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":167,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2436"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2436\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2436"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2436"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=2436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}