{"id":2186,"date":"2024-04-25T04:38:23","date_gmt":"2024-04-24T23:08:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2186"},"modified":"2024-04-25T04:39:12","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T23:09:12","slug":"q-in-india-separation-of-judiciary-from-the-executive-is-enjoined-by","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-in-india-separation-of-judiciary-from-the-executive-is-enjoined-by","title":{"rendered":"Q. In India, separation of judiciary from the executive is enjoined by"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"mcq wp-block-list\">\n<li>the Preamble of the Constitution<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a Directive Principle of State Policy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the Seventh Schedule<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the conventional practice<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>(b) a Directive Principle of State Policy<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"notes-hd-66295f299337c\">Notes:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Separation of powers is the division of the&nbsp;<strong>legislative<\/strong>,&nbsp;<strong>executive<\/strong>, and&nbsp;<strong>judicial functions<\/strong>&nbsp;of government among separate and independent bodies.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The&nbsp;<strong>Legislature<\/strong>&nbsp;makes laws, the<strong>&nbsp;Executive<\/strong>&nbsp;puts those laws into effect, and the&nbsp;<strong>Judiciary<\/strong>&nbsp;administers justice by interpreting the law and ensuring that the law is upheld.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The purpose of separation is&nbsp;<strong>to limit the possibility of arbitrary excesses<\/strong>&nbsp;by the government.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Separation of powers also&nbsp;<strong>prevents misuse of power or accumulation of power<\/strong>&nbsp;in a few hands, which thereby safeguards the society from arbitrary and irrational power of the state.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Article 50<\/strong>&nbsp;of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/upsc-notes\/constitution-of-india\/\">Indian Constitution<\/a>, which falls under the Directive Principles of State Policy, explicitly calls for the&nbsp;<strong>state to take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the state<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This is aimed at ensuring the independence of the judiciary, reducing the potential for bias or influence from the executive branch, and maintaining the integrity of the legal system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"header-2\"><strong>Origin and evolution of the doctrine of separation of powers:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The first modern formulation of the doctrine of separation of power was given by the French political philosopher&nbsp;<strong>Montesquieu<\/strong>&nbsp;in The Spirit of Laws, 1748<strong>.&nbsp;<\/strong>Inspired by the&nbsp;<strong>English constitution<\/strong>, Montesquieu argued that liberty is most effectively safeguarded by the separation of powers<strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Later, The&nbsp;<strong>United States&nbsp;<\/strong>Constitution gave the doctrine of separation of powers in substance for the very first time where its provisions\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Article I<\/strong>&nbsp;granted powers to the legislature.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Article II<\/strong>&nbsp;gave executive power to the&nbsp;President.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Article III<\/strong>&nbsp;created an independent judiciary.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In this spirit, the&nbsp;<strong>Constituent Assembly,&nbsp;<\/strong>while drafting the&nbsp;<strong>Indian<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>Constitution<\/strong>, debated on inserting the provision \u2018There shall be complete separation of powers as between the principal organs of the State-the Legislative, the Executive, and the Judiciary<strong>\u2019&nbsp;<\/strong>as&nbsp;<strong>one of the&nbsp;Directive Principles of the State Policies.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Finally,&nbsp;<strong>Article 50<\/strong>&nbsp;was inserted, which gave for the State to take steps to separate the Judiciary from the Executive in the public services of the State.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Answer:&nbsp;(b) a Directive Principle of State Policy Notes: Origin and evolution of the doctrine of separation of powers:&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[39],"years":[53],"class_list":["post-2186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-indian-polity","years-53"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":39,"label":"Indian 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