{"id":2023,"date":"2024-04-03T08:54:38","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T03:24:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2023"},"modified":"2024-04-03T08:55:09","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T03:25:09","slug":"q-consider-the-following-statelllents","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-consider-the-following-statelllents","title":{"rendered":"Q. Consider the following statelllents :"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Statement-I&nbsp;<\/strong>: 7th August is declared as the National Handloom Day.<br><strong>Statement-II<\/strong>&nbsp;: It was in 1905 that the Swadeshi Movement was launched on the same day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"mcq wp-block-list\">\n<li>Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is not the correct explanation for Statement-I<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Statement-I is incorrect but Stateinent-II is correct<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"notes\">Notes:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>In 2015, the Government of India decided to designate the 7th of August every year, as the National Handloom Day.<\/strong>\u00a0On this day, we honor our handloom-weaving community and highlight the contribution of this sector to the socioeconomic development of our country.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Swadeshi Movement which was launched on 7th August, 1905 had encouraged indigenous industries and in particular handloom weavers<\/strong>. The movement was led by Mahatma Gandhi and it helped to revive the Indian handloom industry.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The National Handloom Day was declared to commemorate the Swadeshi Movement, which helped to revive the Indian handloom industry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"swadeshi-movement\">Swadeshi Movement:<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Background:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The movement had its roots in the\u00a0<strong>anti-partition movement<\/strong>\u00a0which was started\u00a0<strong>to oppose Lord Curzon\u2019s decision of dividing the province of Bengal.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>Anti-Partition Campaign<\/strong>\u00a0was<strong>\u00a0launched by Moderates<\/strong>\u00a0to exert pressure on the government to prevent the unjust partition of Bengal from being implemented.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The petitions were written to the government, public meetings were held and the ideas were spread through newspapers such as<em><strong>\u00a0Hitabadi, Sanjibani\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>and<em><strong>\u00a0Bengalee.<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The partition led to protest meetings in Bengal under which the pledge to boycott foreign goods was first taken.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Swadeshi Movement Proclamation:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In August 1905, at Calcutta Townhall, a massive meeting was held and the\u00a0<strong>formal proclamation of the Swadeshi Movement was made.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The message was propagated to boycott goods such as\u00a0<strong>Manchester cloth and Liverpool salt.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>After the partition came into force, widespread opposition was shown by the people of Bengal by singing\u00a0<strong><em>Vande Mataram.<\/em><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rabindranath Tagore also composed\u00a0<em><strong>Amar Sonar Bangla.<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>People tied\u00a0<em><strong>Rakhis<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0on each other\u2019s hands as a symbol of unity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Although the movement was confined majorly to Bengal, it spread to a few different parts of India:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In Poona and Bombay under<strong>\u00a0Bal Gangadhar Tilak<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In Punjab under\u00a0<strong>Lala Lajpat Rai and Ajit Singh<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In Delhi under\u00a0<strong>Syed Haider Raza<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In Madras under<strong>\u00a0Chidambaram Pillai.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Congres Reaction:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Indian National Congress (INC) in a meeting in 1905 resolved to<strong>\u00a0condemn the partition of Bengal<\/strong>\u00a0and support the anti-partition and Swadeshi Movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The radical nationalists wanted the movement to be taken outside Bengal and go beyond just the boycott of foreign goods.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>However, the moderates, dominating the Congress, were unwilling to go that far.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the 1906\u00a0<strong>Congress Session held at Calcutta,<\/strong>\u00a0the INC under the presidentship of\u00a0<strong>Dadabhai Naoroji declared self-government or Swaraj as the goal of INC.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rise of the Radical Nationalists:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Extremists (or the\u00a0<strong>Garam Dal<\/strong>) gained a dominant influence over the Swadeshi Movement in Bengal after 1905 till 1908; it is also known as the\u00a0<strong>\u201cEra of Passionate Nationalists\u201d.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lala Lajpat Rai,\u00a0Bal Gangadhar Tilak<\/strong>\u00a0and Bipin Chandra Pal\u00a0<strong>(Lal-Bal-Pal)<\/strong>\u00a0were important leaders of this Radical group.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The reasons for the same were:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Failure of the Moderate-led Swadeshi movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Divisive tactics of the governments of East Bengal and Western Bengal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Violent measures of the British to suppress the movement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In addition to boycotting the Extremists gave a call for boycotting government schools and colleges, government service, courts, legislative councils, municipalities, government titles, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tilak gave the slogan\u00a0<strong>\u201cFreedom is my birthright and I shall have it\u201d.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Participation of People:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Students:<\/strong>\u00a0School and college students were the\u00a0<strong>most active participants of the movement.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Student participation was visible in Bengal, Poona (Maharashtra), Guntur (Andhra Pradesh), Madras and Salem (Tamil Nadu).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The police adopted a repressive attitude towards the students. The students found guilty were fined, expelled, beaten, arrested and disqualified for government jobs and scholarships.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Women:<\/strong>\u00a0Traditionally home-centered women too took active part in the movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stand of Muslims:<\/strong>\u00a0Some of the muslims participated, however, most of the upper and middle class muslims stayed away.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>They\u00a0<strong>supported the partition<\/strong>\u00a0on the belief that it would provide them a Muslim-majority East Bengal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Impact of Swadeshi Movement<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Decline in Imports:<\/strong>\u00a0It resulted in significant decline in the foreign imports during 1905-1908.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Growth of Extremism:<\/strong>\u00a0Movement resulted in growth of extreme nationalism amongst youth which took to violence and wanted to bring an instant end to British dominance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Morley-Minto Reforms:<\/strong>\u00a0It forced British dispensation to offer some concessions to Indians in forms of\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/morley-minto-reforms-1909-indian-councils-act-1909\/\">Morley-Minto reforms<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0in 1909.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gopal Krishna Gokhale<\/strong>\u00a0played an important role in framing these reforms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Establishment of Swadeshi Institutions:<\/strong>\u00a0Inspired by Rabindranath Tagore\u2019s\u00a0<em><strong>Shantiniketan,<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0the Bengal National College and a number of national schools and colleges in various parts of the country were set up.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In August 1906, the<strong>\u00a0National Council of Education<\/strong>\u00a0was set up to organise the national education system.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A<strong>\u00a0Bengal Institute of Technology<\/strong>\u00a0was set up for technical education.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Growth in Swadeshi Industries:<\/strong>\u00a0It led to establishments of swadeshi textile mills, soap and match factories, tanneries, banks, insurance companies, shops, etc.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It also revived the Indian Cottage Industry.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Indian industries saw regeneration with reawakening of use of indigenous goods.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Boycott of Buyers and Sellers:<\/strong>\u00a0The foreign goods including clothing, sugar, salt and various other luxury items were not only boycotted, but they were also burned.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Swadeshi movement also led to social boycott of not only buyers but also sellers of foreign goods.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Statement-I&nbsp;: 7th August is declared as the National Handloom Day.Statement-II&nbsp;: It was in 1905 that the Swadeshi Movement was launched on the same day. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements? Answer: (a) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II is the correct explanation for Statement-I Notes: Swadeshi&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[42],"years":[50],"class_list":["post-2023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-modern-history","years-50"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":42,"label":"Modern History"}],"years":[{"value":50,"label":"2023"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":42,"name":"Modern History","slug":"modern-history","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":42,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":87,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2023","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2023"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2023\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2023"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2023"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2023"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=2023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}