{"id":2021,"date":"2024-04-03T08:52:36","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T03:22:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=2021"},"modified":"2024-04-03T08:52:36","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T03:22:36","slug":"q-by-which-one-of-the-following-acts-was-the-governor-general-of-bengal-designated-as-the-governor-general-of-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-by-which-one-of-the-following-acts-was-the-governor-general-of-bengal-designated-as-the-governor-general-of-india","title":{"rendered":"Q. By which one of the following Acts was the Governor General of Bengal, designated as the Governor General of India?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"mcq wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Regulating Act<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Pitt\u2019s India Act<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Charter Act of 1793<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Charter Act of 1833<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (d) The Charter Act of 1833<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"charter-act-of-1833\"><strong>Charter Act of 1833<\/strong>:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Background of Act:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/the-charter-act-of-1833-upsc\/\">Charter Act, 1833<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0came under the backdrop of great changes that had taken place in Great Britain because of the\u00a0<strong>Industrial Revolution.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Laissez Faire was accepted as the principle of the government\u2019s attitude towards industrial enterprise.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The liberal movement resulted in the Reform Act of 1832.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In this atmosphere of liberalism and reforms the Parliament was called upon to renew the Charter in 1833.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>About the Act:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is also known as the\u00a0<strong>Saint Helena Act 1833 or Government of India Act 1833.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Control of the<strong>\u00a0island of Saint Helena<\/strong>\u00a0was transferred from the East India Company to the Crown.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was passed by the British Parliament to renew the\u00a0<strong>Charter Act, 1813<\/strong>\u00a0of the\u00a0<strong>East India Company.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This act renewed the charter of the EIC for 20 years.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>East India Company was deprived of its commercial privileges.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Company\u2019s monopoly over the trade except for tea and trade with China was ended as a result of\u00a0<strong>Laissez-Faire<\/strong>\u00a0and the\u00a0<strong>continental system<\/strong>\u00a0of Napoleon Bonaparte.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"features-of-charter-act-of-1833\">Features of Charter Act of 1833<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><mark>Office of Governor General:<\/mark><\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>Governor-General of Bengal became the Governor-General of India with exclusive legislative powers<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The presidencies of Bombay and Madras were deprived of their legislative powers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Governor-General of India was given<strong>\u00a0civil and military powers.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Government of India was created for the<strong>\u00a0first time having the authority over the entire territorial area<\/strong>\u00a0possessed by the British in India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The First Governor-General of India was\u00a0<strong>Lord William Bentick.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Governor General Council:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The\u00a0<strong>members of the Governor General\u2019s council were reduced by the Pitt\u2019s India act 1784 was again increased to 4<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The fourth member had very limited powers,\u00a0<strong>he was not entitled to act as a member of the council except for legislative purposes.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Governor General Council had the authority to amend, repeal or alter any law in the entire length and breadth of India for any British, Foreigner or Indian.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Administrative Body (EIC):<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The activities of East India Company as a\u00a0<strong>commercial body came to an end.<\/strong>\u00a0The company purely became an administrative body.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The company\u2019s territories in India were to be held by it\u00a0<strong>\u201cin trust for his Majesty, his heirs and successors\u201d.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Attempt to Open Civil Services:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The act attempted to\u00a0<strong>introduce a system of open competition<\/strong>\u00a0for\u00a0<strong>selection in Civil Services.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It stated that\u00a0<strong>Indians should not be debarred<\/strong>\u00a0from holding any place, office and employment under the company.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was nullified after opposition from the Court of Directors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The concept of a merit based\u00a0<strong>modern Civil Service in India was introduced<\/strong>\u00a0on the recommendations of\u00a0<strong>Lord Macaulay\u2019s Report in 1854.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Legal British Colony:<\/strong>\u00a0The Act permitted the English to settle freely in India. Itt effectively legalized British Colonization of India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ended Slavery:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The slavery existed in India at that time, the act provided for the mitigation of of slavery in India.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The slavery was abolished by British Parliament in Britain and all its possessions in 1833<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Law Commision:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Indian Law Commission was established in 1833 and<strong>\u00a0Lord Macaulay<\/strong>\u00a0was made its first chairman. It aimed to codify all kinds of law in India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Act provided that the laws made in India were supposed to be laid in British Parliament.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"significance-of-the-act\">Significance of the Act<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This Act was a watershed moment for the constitutional and political history of India.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It\u00a0<strong>elevated the Governor General of Bengal as Governor General of India<\/strong>\u00a0and consolidated and\u00a0<strong>centralized the administration of India.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It made the East India Company a trustee of the crown in the field of administration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Act provided to freely admit Indians into administration in the country.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Act\u00a0<strong>separated the legislative functions of the Governor General in Council from the executive functions.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The law commission under Lord Macaulay codified the laws.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Also Read:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/the-regulating-act-of-1773-upsc\/\">The Regulating Act<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/the-pitts-india-act-1784-upsc\/\">The Pitt\u2019s India Act<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/charter-act-of-1793-upsc\/\">The Charter Act of 1793<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Answer: (d) The Charter Act of 1833 Charter Act of 1833: Features of Charter Act of 1833 Significance of the Act<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[42],"years":[50],"class_list":["post-2021","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-modern-history","years-50"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":42,"label":"Modern History"}],"years":[{"value":50,"label":"2023"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":42,"name":"Modern History","slug":"modern-history","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":42,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":87,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2021","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2021"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2021\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2021"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2021"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2021"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=2021"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}