{"id":1547,"date":"2024-02-18T15:30:45","date_gmt":"2024-02-18T10:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=1547"},"modified":"2024-04-03T07:01:08","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T01:31:08","slug":"q-due-to-improper-indiscriminate-disposal-of-old-and-used-computers-or-their-parts-which-of-the-following-are-released-into-the-environment-as-e-waste","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-due-to-improper-indiscriminate-disposal-of-old-and-used-computers-or-their-parts-which-of-the-following-are-released-into-the-environment-as-e-waste","title":{"rendered":"Q.\u00a0Due to improper\/indiscriminate disposal of old and used computers or their parts, which of the following are released into the environment as e-waste?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
    \n
  1. Beryllium<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Cadmium<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Chromium<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Heptachlor<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Mercury<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. Lead<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. Plutonium<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • 1, 3, 4, 6 and 7 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 2, 4, 5 and 7 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n

      Answer: (b) 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 only<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

      E-Waste<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • Electronic waste (e-waste),<\/strong> is a generic term used to describe all types of old, end-of-life or discarded electrical and electronic equipment,<\/strong> such as household appliances, office information and communications equipment etc.\n
          \n
        • E-waste contains numerous toxic chemicals including metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and nickel.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Invisible e-waste<\/strong>: Invisible e-waste refers to electronic waste that often goes unnoticed<\/strong> due to its nature or appearance, causing consumers to overlook its recyclable potential.\n
            \n
          • There are Numerous electronic items falling under this category, such as cables, e-toys, e-cigarettes, e-bikes, power tools, smoke detectors,<\/strong> USB sticks, wearable health devices, and smart home gadgets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • India currently ranks third among the largest generators of e-waste globally<\/strong>, behind only China and the US.\n
              \n
            • The volume of e-waste in India has witnessed a significant surge to 1.6 million tonnes in 2021-22.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • The 65 cities in India generate more than 60% of the total generated e-waste,<\/strong> whereas 10 states generate 70% of the total e-waste.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Following are some examples of the e-waste components:<\/strong>\n
                \n
              • Cathode ray tubes<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Printed circuit boards<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Chips and other gold plated components<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Plastics from printers, keyboards, monitors, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Computer wires<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Various issues related to e-waste:<\/strong>\n
                  \n
                • Health risks: <\/strong>E-waste when dismantled and shredded, release dust or large particles into the immediate environment and affects the respiratory health of workers. Further, unregulated burning of e-waste releases toxins, such as dioxins which are potent and damaging to both human (neurological disease and impact on immune system) and animal health.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Water pollution: <\/strong>Water is contaminated by e-waste in landfills that are not properly designed to contain e-waste and due to improper recycling and subsequent disposal of e-waste. Groundwater is polluted by e-waste as heavy metals and other persistent chemicals leach from landfills and illegal dump sites into ground water tables.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Soil pollution: <\/strong>Soil is contaminated by e-waste through direct contact with contaminants from e-waste or the by-products of e-waste recycling and disposal and indirectly through irrigation through contaminated water. Contaminated soils have adverse impact on microbes and plants and the pollutants pass to higher animals and humans along the food chain.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Air pollution: <\/strong>Most of the discarded products are set into open fire, which melts and releases harmful elements to the atmosphere. Carcinogens and neurotoxins when released into the air pollute and create smog which is very obnoxious.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  Elements<\/strong><\/th>Harmful effects<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
                  Lead<\/strong><\/td>affects the nervous system<\/strong> that leads to behavioural changes, lower IQ, also has a negative impact on kidneys<\/td><\/tr>
                  Mercury<\/strong><\/td>exposure to mercury causes dermatitis, sensory impairment, memory loss, muscle weakness, reduced fertility, etc.<\/td><\/tr>
                  Cadmium<\/strong><\/td>it is the cause of severe lung and kidney damages, and in children, it may cause learning and neuromotor defects<\/td><\/tr>
                  Chromium<\/strong> <\/td>it has carcinogenic properties and may also result in damaging of DNA.<\/td><\/tr>
                  Beryllium<\/strong> <\/td>it can cause beryllium sensitization, chronic beryllium disease, acute beryllium disease, and lung cancer.<\/td><\/tr>
                  PVC (Polyvinyl chloride)<\/strong><\/td>the bioaccumulation of chlorine over a period of time results in air, water, and soil pollution; and can lead to reproductive and developmental health effects.<\/td><\/tr>
                  PFOA (Perfluorooctanoic  acid)<\/strong><\/td>it has severe impact on the pregnant women as it may lead to spontaneous abortions, stillbirth, low birth weight, etc.<\/td><\/tr>
                  Sulphur<\/strong><\/td>it can damage the heart, kidneys, and liver.<\/td><\/tr>
                  BFRs (Brominated Flame Retardants)<\/strong> <\/td>it may lead to thyroid problems, liver problems, improper development of nervous system, etc.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  Select the correct answer using the codes given below: Answer: (b) 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 only E-Waste Elements Harmful effects Lead affects the nervous system that leads to behavioural changes, lower IQ, also has a negative impact on kidneys Mercury exposure to mercury causes dermatitis, sensory impairment, memory loss, muscle weakness, reduced fertility, etc. Cadmium…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[44],"years":[60],"class_list":["post-1547","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-science-and-tech","years-60"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":44,"label":"Science and Tech"}],"years":[{"value":60,"label":"2013"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":44,"name":"Science and Tech","slug":"science-and-tech","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":44,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":167,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1547","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1547"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1547\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1652,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1547\/revisions\/1652"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1547"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1547"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1547"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=1547"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}