{"id":1470,"date":"2024-02-18T13:26:38","date_gmt":"2024-02-18T07:56:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=1470"},"modified":"2024-04-03T07:08:08","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T01:38:08","slug":"q-with-reference-to-fly-ash-produced-by-the-power-plants-using-coal-as-fuel-which-of-the-following-statements-is-are-correct","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-with-reference-to-fly-ash-produced-by-the-power-plants-using-coal-as-fuel-which-of-the-following-statements-is-are-correct","title":{"rendered":"Q.\u00a0With reference to \u2018fly ash\u2019 produced by the power plants using coal as fuel, which of the following statements is\/are correct?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
    \n
  1. Fly ash can be<\/strong> used in the production of bricks for building construction.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Fly ash can be<\/strong> used as a replacement for some of the Portland cement contents of concrete.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Fly ash is made up of silicon dioxide and calcium oxide only, and does not<\/strong> contain any toxic elements.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Select the correct answer using the code given below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • 1 and 2<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 2 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 1 and 3<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 3 only<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n

      Answer:<\/strong> (a) 1 and 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

      Fly Ash<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • Fly ash is an unwanted unburnt residue of coal combustion in a coal thermal power plant.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • It is emitted along with flue gases<\/strong> during the burning of coal <\/strong>in a furnace and collected using the electrostatic precipitators.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • The fly ash collected with the help of precipitators is converted into a wet slurry<\/strong> to minimise fugitive dust emissions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • It is then transported to the scientifically designed ash ponds through slurry pipelines.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Composition:<\/strong>\n
          \n
        • Composition of fly ash depends upon the composition of coal being burnt<\/strong>. It may contain Beryllium, Arsenic, unburnt Carbon, Silicon Oxides, Dioxins, aluminium oxide, ferric oxide, calcium oxide, etc.\n
            \n
          • These elements are severe environmental pollutants.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Properties:<\/strong>\n
              \n
            • Resemble Portland cement but is chemically different.<\/strong>\n
                \n
              • Portland cement is a binding material in the form of a finely ground powder that is manufactured by burning and grinding a mixture of limestone and clay.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Its chemical composition includes calcium silicates, calcium aluminate and calcium aluminoferrite.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Exhibit cementitious properties.\n
                  \n
                • A cementitious material is one that hardens when mixed with water.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Uses:<\/strong> It is used in concrete and cement products, road base, metal recovery,<\/strong> and mineral filler among others.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Harmful Effects:<\/strong> Fly ash particles are toxic air pollutants<\/strong>. They can trigger heart disease, cancer, respiratory diseases and stroke.\n
                    \n
                  • When combined with water they cause leaching of heavy metals in ground water.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • It also pollutes the soil, and affects the root development system of trees.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Gross under-utilisation of this by-product over the years has led to the accumulation of 1,670 million tonnes of fly ash according to the Summary of Ash Generation and Utilisation during 2020-2021 by the Joint Committee earlier constituted by the NGT.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Related Initiatives:<\/strong>\n
                      \n
                    • Earlier in 2021, National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC)<\/strong> Limited had invited Expression of Interest (EOI)<\/strong> for sale of fly ash.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • NTPC has also collaborated with Cement manufacturers around the country to supply Fly Ash.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban)<\/strong> has focused on new construction technologies such as using fly ash bricks that are innovative, and environmentally friendly.\n
                        \n
                      • Even state governments have come out with their Fly ash utilisation policies, e.g., Maharashtra was the first state to adopt the policy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • A web portal for monitoring of fly ash generation and utilisation and a mobile based application titled \u201cASHTRACK\u201d<\/strong> has been launched by the Government.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • Goods and Services Tax (GST)<\/strong> rates on fly ash and its products have been reduced to 5%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                        Select the correct answer using the code given below. Answer: (a) 1 and 2 Fly Ash<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[44],"years":[58],"class_list":["post-1470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-science-and-tech","years-58"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":44,"label":"Science and Tech"}],"years":[{"value":58,"label":"2015"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":44,"name":"Science and Tech","slug":"science-and-tech","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":44,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":167,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1470","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1470"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1470\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1481,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1470\/revisions\/1481"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1470"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1470"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1470"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=1470"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}