{"id":1421,"date":"2024-02-18T12:32:13","date_gmt":"2024-02-18T07:02:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=1421"},"modified":"2024-04-03T07:11:30","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T01:41:30","slug":"q-the-terms-event-horizon-singularity-string-theory-and-standard-model-are-sometimes-seen-in-the-news-in-the-context-of-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-the-terms-event-horizon-singularity-string-theory-and-standard-model-are-sometimes-seen-in-the-news-in-the-context-of-2","title":{"rendered":"Q.\u00a0The terms \u2018Event Horizon\u2019, \u2018Singularity\u2019, `String Theory\u2019 and \u2018Standard Model\u2019 are sometimes seen in the news in the context of"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"mcq wp-block-list\">\n<li>Observation and understanding of the Universe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Study of the solar and the lunar eclipses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Placing satellites in the orbit of the Earth<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Origin and evolution of living organisms on the Earth<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) Observation and understanding of the Universe<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"standard-model\">Standard Model<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Standard Model of particle physics is the theory&nbsp;<strong>describing three of the four known fundamental forces<\/strong>&nbsp;(electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions \u2013 excluding gravity) in the universe and classifying all known elementary particles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was developed in stages throughout the latter half of the 20th century, through the work of many scientists worldwide, with the current formulation being finalized in the mid-1970s upon experimental&nbsp;<strong>confirmation of the existence of quarks<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Since then, proof of the top quark (1995), the tau neutrino (2000), and the Higgs boson (2012) have added further credence to the Standard Model. In addition, the&nbsp;<strong>Standard Model has predicted various properties of weak neutral currents and the W and Z bosons<\/strong>&nbsp;with great accuracy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Standard-Model-of-particle-physics-1024x920.png\" alt=\"Standard Model of particle physics\" class=\"wp-image-47787\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"singularity\">Singularity<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A&nbsp;singularity&nbsp;refers to a place in the universe where&nbsp;<strong>our laws of physics simply break down.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The term first came into popular use in Albert Einstein\u2019s 1915 Theory of General Relativity. In the theory, a&nbsp;singularity&nbsp;<strong>describes the center of a black hole, a point of infinite density and gravity within which no object inside can ever escape, not even light<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Black-Hole-Singularity-1024x614.jpeg\" alt=\"Black Hole Singularity\" class=\"wp-image-47788\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"event-horizon\">Event horizon<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The&nbsp;<strong>event horizon is&nbsp;a boundary that marks the outer edge of black holes<\/strong>. It is the point at which nothing, not even light, can escape.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Because light can\u2019t escape,&nbsp;<strong>black holes themselves neither emit nor reflect it<\/strong>, and nothing about what happens within them can reach an outside observer. But astronomers can observe black holes thanks to light emitted by surrounding matter that hasn\u2019t yet dipped into the event horizon.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"accretion-disk\"><strong>Accretion Disk<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The&nbsp;<strong>main light source from a black hole is a structure called an accretion disk.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Black Holes 101 | National Geographic\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kOEDG3j1bjs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Answer: (a) Observation and understanding of the Universe Standard Model Singularity Event horizon Accretion Disk<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[44],"years":[56],"class_list":["post-1421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-science-and-tech","years-56"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":44,"label":"Science and Tech"}],"years":[{"value":56,"label":"2017"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":44,"name":"Science and Tech","slug":"science-and-tech","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":44,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":167,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1421"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1421\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1421"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=1421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}