{"id":1386,"date":"2024-02-17T19:48:46","date_gmt":"2024-02-17T14:18:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=1386"},"modified":"2024-04-03T07:13:06","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T01:43:06","slug":"q-when-the-alarm-of-your-smartphone-rings-in-the-morning-you-wake-up-and-tap-it-to-stop-the-alarm-which-causes-your-geyser-to-be-switched-on-automatically-the-smart-mirror-in-your-bathroom-sho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-when-the-alarm-of-your-smartphone-rings-in-the-morning-you-wake-up-and-tap-it-to-stop-the-alarm-which-causes-your-geyser-to-be-switched-on-automatically-the-smart-mirror-in-your-bathroom-sho","title":{"rendered":"Q.\u00a0When the alarm of your smartphone rings in the morning, you wake up and tap it to stop the alarm which causes your geyser to be switched on automatically. The smart mirror in your bathroom shows the day\u2019s weather and also indicates the level of water in your overhead tank. After you take some groceries from your refrigerator for making breakfast, it recognises the shortage of stock in it and places an order for the supply of fresh grocery items. When you step out of your house and lock the door, all lights, fans, geysers and AC machines get switched off automatically. On your way to office, your car warns you about traffic congestion ahead and suggests an alternative route, and if you are late for a meeting, it sends a message to your office accordingly."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the context of&nbsp;<strong>emerging communication technologies<\/strong>, which one of the following terms best applies to the above scenario?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"mcq wp-block-list\">\n<li>Border Gateway Protocol<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Internet of Things<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Internet Protocol<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Virtual Private Network<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (b) Internet of Things<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"internet-of-things\">Internet of Things<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Internet of Things (IoT) describes the&nbsp;<strong>network of physical object- \u201cthings\u201d \u2013 that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These devices \u2014 also known as \u201csmart objects\u201d \u2014 can range from simple \u201csmart home\u201d devices like smart thermostats, to wearables like smartwatches and RFID-enabled clothing, to complex industrial machinery and transportation systems. Technologists are even envisioning entire \u201csmart cities\u201d predicated on IoT technologies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Internet of things encompasses&nbsp;<strong>electronics, communication and computer science engineering.<\/strong>&nbsp;Internet of things has been considered a misnomer because devices do not need to be connected to the public internet, they only need to be connected to a network, and be individually addressable.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Several technologies come together to make IoT possible.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sensors and actuators:<\/strong>&nbsp;Sensors are devices that can detect changes in the environment, such as temperature, humidity, light, motion or pressure. Actuators are devices that can cause physical changes in the environment, such as opening or closing a valve or turning on a motor. These devices are at the heart of IoT, as they allow machines and devices to interact with the physical world. Automation is possible when sensors and actuators work to resolve issues without human intervention.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Connectivity technologies:<\/strong>&nbsp;To transmit IoT data from sensors and actuators to the cloud, IoT devices need to be connected to the internet. There are several connectivity technologies used in IoT, including Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular, Zigbee and LoRaWAN.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cloud computing:&nbsp;<\/strong>The cloud is where the vast amounts of data generated by IoT devices are stored, processed and analyzed. Cloud computing platforms provide the infrastructure and tools needed to store and analyze this data, as well as to build and deploy IoT applications.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Big data analytics:<\/strong>&nbsp;To make sense of the vast amounts of data generated by IoT devices, businesses need to use advanced analytics tools to extract insights and identify patterns. These tools can include machine learning algorithms, data visualization tools and predictive analytics models.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Security and privacy technologies:<\/strong>&nbsp;As IoT deployments become more widespread, IoT security and privacy become increasingly important. Technologies such as encryption, access controls and intrusion detection systems are used to protect IoT devices and the data they generate from cyber threats.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Internet-of-Things-1024x602.jpeg\" alt=\"Internet of Things\" class=\"wp-image-47635\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"internet-protocol\">Internet Protocol<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Internet Protocol (IP) is a&nbsp;<strong>protocol, or set of rules, for routing and addressing packets of data so that they can travel across networks and arrive at the correct destination<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Data traversing the Internet is divided into smaller pieces, called packets. IP information is attached to each packet, and this information helps routers to send packets to the right place.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Every device or domain that connects to the Internet is assigned an IP address, and as packets are directed to the IP address attached to them, data arrives where it is needed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Once the packets arrive at their destination, they are handled differently depending on which transport protocol is used in combination with IP. The most common transport protocols are TCP and UDP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The&nbsp;<strong>first major version of IP, Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4)<\/strong>, is the dominant protocol of the Internet.&nbsp;<strong>Its successor is Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)<\/strong>, which has been in increasing deployment on the public Internet since around 2006.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/IPv4-vs-IPv6-1024x465.png\" alt=\"IPv4 vs. IPv6\" class=\"wp-image-47634\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"virtual-private-network\">Virtual Private Network<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A virtual private network, or VPN, is an&nbsp;<strong>encrypted connection over the Internet from a device to a network<\/strong>. The encrypted connection helps&nbsp;<strong>ensure that sensitive data is safely transmitted<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It prevents unauthorized people from eavesdropping on the traffic and allows the user to conduct work remotely. VPN technology is widely used in corporate environments.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A&nbsp;<strong>VPN can extend access to a private network (one that disallows or restricts public access) to users who do not have direct access to it<\/strong>, such as an office network allowing secure access from off-site over the Internet. The benefits of a VPN include security, reduced costs for dedicated communication lines, and greater flexibility for remote workers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A VPN is created by establishing a&nbsp;<strong>virtual point-to-point connection through the use of tunneling protocols<\/strong>&nbsp;over existing networks. A VPN available from the public Internet can provide some of the benefits[example needed] of a&nbsp;<strong>private wide area network (WAN).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"What Is VPN &amp; How Does It Work? | VPN Explained In 5 Minutes | Virtual Private Network | Simplilearn\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_-DekqEyAV0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"border-gateway-protocol\">Border Gateway Protocol<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the postal service of the Internet. When someone drops a letter into a mailbox, the Postal Service processes that piece of mail and chooses a fast, efficient route to deliver that letter to its recipient.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Similarly, when someone submits data via the Internet,&nbsp;<strong>BGP is responsible for looking at all of the available paths that data could travel and picking the best route<\/strong>, which usually means hopping between autonomous systems.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>BGP is classified as a&nbsp;<strong>path-vector routing protocol,&nbsp;<\/strong>and it makes routing decisions based on paths, network policies, or rule-sets<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>configured by a network administrator.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"What is BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)? An Introduction\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/A1KXPpqlNZ4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the context of&nbsp;emerging communication technologies, which one of the following terms best applies to the above scenario? Answer: (b) Internet of Things Internet of Things Internet Protocol Virtual Private Network Border Gateway Protocol<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[44],"years":[55],"class_list":["post-1386","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-science-and-tech","years-55"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":44,"label":"Science and Tech"}],"years":[{"value":55,"label":"2018"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":44,"name":"Science and Tech","slug":"science-and-tech","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":44,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":167,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1386","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1386"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1386\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1386"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1386"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1386"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=1386"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}