{"id":1357,"date":"2024-02-17T18:42:17","date_gmt":"2024-02-17T13:12:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=1357"},"modified":"2024-04-03T07:14:52","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T01:44:52","slug":"q-rna-interference-rnai-technology-has-gained-popularity-in-the-last-few-years-why","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-rna-interference-rnai-technology-has-gained-popularity-in-the-last-few-years-why","title":{"rendered":"Q.\u00a0\u2018RNA interference (RNAi)\u2019 technology has gained popularity in the last few years. Why?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is used in developing gene silencing therapies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can be used in developing therapies for the treatment of cancer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can be used to develop&nbsp;<strong>hormone replacement<\/strong>&nbsp;therapies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can be used to produce crop plants that are resistant to viral pathogens.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Select the correct answer using the code given below.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"mcq wp-block-list\">\n<li>1, 2 and 4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2 and 3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 and 3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 and 4 only<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote mcq is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 4<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"rna-interference-rnai\">RNA interference (RNAi)<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>RNA interference (RNAi) is a&nbsp;<strong>biological process in which RNA molecules are involved in sequence-specific suppression of gene expression<\/strong><strong>by double-stranded RNA<\/strong>, through translational or transcriptional repression.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Historically, RNAi was known by other names, including co-suppression, post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), and quelling.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RNAi is now known as precise, efficient, stable and better than antisense therapy for gene suppression.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Two types of small ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules, microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), are central to components to the RNAi pathway<\/strong>. Once mRNA is degraded, post-transcriptional silencing occurs as protein translation is prevented. Transcription can be inhibited via the pre-transcriptional silencing mechanism of RNAi, through which an enzyme complex catalyzes DNA methylation at genomic positions complementary to complexed siRNA or miRNA.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RNAi has an important role in&nbsp;<strong>defending cells against parasitic nucleotide sequences<\/strong>&nbsp;(e.g., viruses or transposons) and also influences development of organisms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"gene-silencing\"><strong>Gene Silencing<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Gene silencing refers to a mechanism&nbsp;<strong>by which cells shut down large sections of chromosomal DNA<\/strong>. It is generally used to describe the<strong>&nbsp;\u201cswitching off\u201d&nbsp;<\/strong>of a gene by a mechanism other than genetic modification.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gene silencing is the regulation of gene expression in a cell&nbsp;<strong>to prevent the expression of a certain gene<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gene silencing can occur during either<strong>&nbsp;transcription or translation&nbsp;<\/strong>and is often used in research. In particular, methods used to silence genes are being increasingly used to produce therapeutics&nbsp;<strong>to combat cancer and other diseases, such as infectious diseases and neurodegenerative disorders.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gene silencing is often considered the same as&nbsp;<strong>gene knockdown<\/strong>. When genes are silenced, their expression is reduced. In contrast, when genes are knocked out, they are completely erased from the organism\u2019s genome and, thus, have no expression.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Select the correct answer using the code given below. Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 4 RNA interference (RNAi) Gene Silencing<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3],"tags":[44],"years":[54],"class_list":["post-1357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc","category-prelims","tag-science-and-tech","years-54"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"},{"value":3,"label":"Prelims"}],"post_tag":[{"value":44,"label":"Science and Tech"}],"years":[{"value":54,"label":"2019"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/author\/team-lotusarise"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":1269,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":1269,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0},{"term_id":3,"name":"Prelims","slug":"prelims","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":3,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":1,"count":1251,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":3,"category_count":1251,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Prelims","category_nicename":"prelims","category_parent":1}],"tag_info":[{"term_id":44,"name":"Science and Tech","slug":"science-and-tech","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":44,"taxonomy":"post_tag","description":"","parent":0,"count":167,"filter":"raw"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1357","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1357"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1357\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1608,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1357\/revisions\/1608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1357"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1357"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1357"},{"taxonomy":"years","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/years?post=1357"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}