{"id":1129,"date":"2023-06-21T21:03:36","date_gmt":"2023-06-21T15:33:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/?p=1129"},"modified":"2024-04-03T07:06:11","modified_gmt":"2024-04-03T01:36:11","slug":"q-if-you-travel-through-the-himalayas-you-are-likely-to-see-which-of-the-following-plants-naturally-growing-there","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/qna\/upsc\/q-if-you-travel-through-the-himalayas-you-are-likely-to-see-which-of-the-following-plants-naturally-growing-there","title":{"rendered":"Q. If you travel through the Himalayas, you are likely to see which of the following plants naturally growing there?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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  1. Oak<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Rhododendron<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Sandal wood<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Select the correct answer using the code given below:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    • 1 and 2 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 3 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 1 and 3 only<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 1, 2 and 3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
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      Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

      Notes:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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      • Oak and Rhododendron<\/strong>\u00a0are characteristic plants of the\u00a0Temperate forest.<\/strong>\n
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        • Temperate forests are mainly found in the middle altitudes<\/strong> of the Himalayas. <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Oak<\/strong>\n
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          • Oak<\/strong> is a hardwood that is heavy, long-lasting, and expensive. Oak is also known for its strength and durability, as well as its high moisture and humidity resistance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Rhododendron<\/strong>\n
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            • Rhododendron is a genus of flowering plants<\/strong> that includes about 1,000 species,<\/strong> primarily native to the temperate regions of Asia, North America, and Europe<\/strong>, as well as to the tropical regions of southeast Asia and northern Australia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • They are known for their showy clusters of large, brightly coloured flowers, and many species<\/strong> are popular ornamental plants in gardens and parks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Rhododendrons are evergreen or deciduous shrubs or small trees, with woody stems and broad, leathery leaves.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • In India, Pink Rhododendron<\/strong> is the state flower of Himachal Pradesh, while Rhododendron arboreum is the state flower of Nagaland<\/strong> and the official State Tree of Uttarakhand.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              Sandalwoods<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n
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              • Sandalwoods<\/strong>\u00a0are\u00a0found in\u00a0tropical deciduous forests<\/strong>or monsoon forests <\/strong>which are\u00a0found in western ghats, Deccan plateau, northern plains, and along the foothills of the<\/strong>Himalayas <\/strong>but the presence is \u2018negligible\u2019 and\/or confined only to Northeastern states.\n
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                • This small tropical tree grows to 20m high with red wood and a variety of dark colors of bark<\/strong> (dark brown, reddish and dark grey).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • The woods are heavy, yellow, and fine-grained<\/strong>, and, unlike many other aromatic woods, they retain their fragrance for decades. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Sandalwood oil<\/strong> is extracted from the woods for use. Sandalwood is often cited as one of the most expensive woods in the world.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Sandalwood has been long associated with the Indian heritage & culture, as the country contributed 85% of the world\u2019 sandalwood trade erstwhile.<\/strong> However, lately this has been declining at a fast rate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • IUCN Red List Status<\/strong>: Vulnerable<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Uses<\/strong>:\n
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                  • In India, it is also called \u201cChandan<\/strong>\u201d and \u201cSrigandha\u201d<\/strong>. Sandalwood has a special place in Indian tradition where it is being used from cradle to cremation<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Sandalwood heartwood<\/strong>, which is close-grained, is used for fine furniture and carving<\/strong>. The heartwood and roots also contain \u2018sandal oi<\/strong>l\u2019 which is valued for use in perfumes, incense, cosmetics, soaps, and medicines.<\/strong> The bark contains tannin,<\/strong> which is used for dye.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Sandalwood essential oil has\u00a0antiseptic, anti inflammatory, antispasmodic and astringent properties.<\/strong>\n
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                    • It is used in aromatherapy<\/strong> to reduce stress, hypertension and heals wounds and treats skin blemishes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • Major Growing Areas<\/strong>: In India, sandalwood is mostly grown in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Bihar, Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
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                      Moist Deciduous Forests<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n
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                      • Region:<\/strong> These forests are found in the north-eastern states<\/strong> along the foothills of Himalayas, eastern slopes of the Western Ghats<\/strong> and Odisha.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • Rainfall:<\/strong> Found in the regions which record rainfall between 100-200 cm.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • Trees:<\/strong>\u00a0Tall trees with broad, branched trunks.\n
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                        • Some of the taller trees shed their leaves in the dry season.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • Teak, sal, shisham, hurra, mahua, amla, semul, kusum, and sandalwood<\/strong> etc. are the main species of these forests.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                          Himalayan Forests<\/strong><\/h6>\n\n\n\n
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                          • Himalayan Moist Forests:<\/strong>\n
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                            • Region:<\/strong> Found in Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and northern hilly parts of Bengal.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • Elevation:<\/strong> Found in the belt where altitude varies between 1000-2000 m.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • Trees:<\/strong> Oak, chestnut, chir, sal, shrubs and nutritious grasses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            • Himalayan Dry Temperate:<\/strong>\n
                                \n
                              • Region:<\/strong> J&K, Chamba, Lahaul & Kinnaur districts (Himachal Pradesh) and Sikkim.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                              • Trees:<\/strong> Mainly coniferous; deodar, oak, chilgoza, maple, olive, mulberry and willow.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
                                Himalayas<\/h6>\n\n\n\n
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                                • The\u00a0three parallel ranges of the Himalayas longitudinal extent are:<\/strong>\n
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                                  • Himadri (Great or Inner Himalayas):<\/strong>\n
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                                    • The northernmost range is called the Himadri and extends for about 2400 km.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                    • Mt. Everest and Mt. Kanchenjunga are a part of these ranges.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                    • Himachal (Lesser Himalayas):<\/strong>\n
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                                      • It lies to the south of Himadri. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                      • Some famous ranges are the Pir Panjal range, Dhaula Dhar, and Mahabharat ranges. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                      • It has some famous valleys like Kullu, Kangra, and Kashmir. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                      • Shivalik (Outer Himalayas):<\/strong>\n
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                                        • This is the outermost range of the Himalayas. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                        • Shivaliks are known by different names in different areas such as Dafla, Miri, Abor, and Mishmi Hills in Arunachal Pradesh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n