{"id":58,"date":"2023-10-09T05:28:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-08T23:58:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/uncategorized\/bhitarkanika-national-park\/"},"modified":"2023-10-09T06:36:58","modified_gmt":"2023-10-09T01:06:58","slug":"bhitarkanika-national-park","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/upsc\/bhitarkanika-national-park\/","title":{"rendered":"Bhitarkanika National Park"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bhitarkanika National Park is a large national park in northeast Kendrapara district of Odisha in eastern India. It is spread for 145 km2&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>Bhitarkanika is the second-largest Mangrove ecosystem of India<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It is the breeding place for the endangered saltwater crocodiles,<\/strong>&nbsp;which are the prime attractions of the sanctuary.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The national park is home to a varied species of flora and fauna<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was designated on September 16, 1998, and obtained the status of a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/ramsar-sites-in-india-upsc\/\"><strong>Ramsar site<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;on August 19, 2002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This national park is surrounded by the Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It emerges out of a historical and cultural past as it was the hunting ground of the royal Raj Kanika family<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Geographical Aspect:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The National park is carved out of the core area of the sanctuary and is the land for impeccable biodiversities<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It lies in the estuarial region of Brahmani-Baitrani with the Bay of Bengal lying in the East<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gahirmatha Beach and Marine Sanctuary are to the east<\/strong>, separating swamp region and mangroves from the Bay of Bengal<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is a point for tourist attraction and a revenue-generating aspect for the state of Odisha.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bhitarkanika-National-Park.webp\" alt=\"Bhitarkanika National Park\" class=\"wp-image-23490\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Flora and Fauna in Bhitarkanika<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>Gahirmatha Beach which forms the boundary of the wildlife sanctuary in the east is the largest colony of the Olive Ridley Sea Turtles<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is a location encompassing rivers, streams, creeks, accumulated land, backwater and mudflats<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There are 215 bird species present in Bhitarkanika, including 8 varieties of kingfisher and the migratory birds from Europe and Central Asia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Venomous Cobras and Indian Pythons, the endangered water monitor lizards, Chitals, Jungle cat, Wild Pigs, Otter, Rhesus Monkeys, Sambar, Spotted Deer, Wild Boar and the Fishing Cat, are a few of the many reptiles, mammals and vertebrates that can be seen in Bhitarkanika<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Asian Open Bill, Cormorants, Darters, Black Ibis, Egrets, open billed storks, sandpipers, sea eagles, whistling teals, kites and seagulls are the frequently noticed avians of the sanctuary.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Concerns<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Excess water allocation for industries, which is likely&nbsp;<strong>to reduce fresh water discharge to the sea.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The&nbsp;<strong>lack of normal flow of fresh water would increase saline ingression<\/strong>&nbsp;upstream, it would&nbsp;<strong>affect the local flora and fauna<\/strong>&nbsp;as well as the livelihoods of the farmers and fishermen dependent upon the Brahmani and the Kharasrota (tributary of the Brahmani).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There could be a quantum increase in the&nbsp;<strong>man\u2013crocodile conflict<\/strong>&nbsp;since the estuarine crocodiles would leave the core sanctuary area and migrate upstream once salinity increases.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The reduction in water discharge will\u00a0<strong>reduce the&nbsp;mangroves<\/strong>\u00a0and without the mangroves, the Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary will become a marine desert.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nutrients from Bhitarkanika are flushed out to the&nbsp;<strong>Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary,<\/strong>&nbsp;which attracts the world\u2019s largest population of&nbsp;<strong>Olive Ridley sea turtles<\/strong>&nbsp;for congregation and nesting.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f6ffee\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>River Brahmani<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a river in&nbsp;<strong>northeastern Odisha state,<\/strong>&nbsp;eastern India. Formed by the<strong>&nbsp;confluence of the Sankh and South Koel rivers<\/strong>&nbsp;in southern Bihar state, the Brahmani flows for 300 miles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It winds generally south-southeast past Bonaigarh and Talcher and then turns east to&nbsp;<strong>join northern branches of the Mahanadi River,<\/strong>&nbsp;which then&nbsp;<strong>empties into the Bay of Bengal at Palmyras Point.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is&nbsp;<strong>one of the few rivers that cut across the Eastern Ghats,<\/strong>&nbsp;and it has formed a&nbsp;<strong>minor gorge at Rengali,<\/strong>&nbsp;where a dam has been built.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/River-Brahmani.webp\" alt=\"River Brahmani\" class=\"wp-image-23491\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Flora and Fauna in Bhitarkanika Concerns River Brahmani<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-58","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc"],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":1,"label":"UPSC"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"LotusArise","author_link":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/author\/lotusarise469gmail-com\/"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":1,"name":"UPSC","slug":"upsc","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":37,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1,"category_count":37,"category_description":"","cat_name":"UPSC","category_nicename":"upsc","category_parent":0}],"tag_info":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=58"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=58"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=58"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lotusarise.com\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=58"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}